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SELECTED ARTICLES. 
ditions. Many experiments have been made on the action of 
lime on cane sugar; this action is the more interesting as it is 
connected with all the manufacturing operations to which 
sugar is subjected: but the action of this base on the other 
kinds of sugar is less known. 
The oldest experiments are those by Daniel, the proprie- 
tor of a sugar refinery at London; he announced that when a 
solution of lime in sugar is left undisturbed for some months, 
a very remarkable change takes place in it; a hydrated car- 
bonate of lime is formed, and the solution loses its properties, 
changing into a jelly resembling that of starch; it requires 
from nine to twelve months to produce this. It is evident 
that the sugar experimented upon by Daniel contained foreign 
substances, for Pelouze has shown that the carbonic acid is 
furnished by the air, and that as long as any lime remains in 
the liquid, no decomposition of the sugar takes place; it has 
also been proved that a chemically pure solution of sugar is 
not altered by age if not exposed to the light. 
Preceding chemists have studied the action of lime water 
at ordinary temperatures; but as it comes in contact with su- 
gars at various degrees of heat in the manufacture of sugars, 
it becomes necessary to study its action under these circum- 
stances. I have operated on all the kinds of sugar above 
enumerated, and may state as the results obtained, that the 
varieties of grape sugar all act identically with lime, hence we 
shall merely distinguish between cane and grape sugar. 
On the 15th of January, I exposed a solution of one part of 
cane sugar in four parts of water with an excess of lime, in a 
well closed bottle, to a heat of 110°, until the 19th of March. 
At this time the supernatant fluid was decanted, carefully 
saturated with sulphuric acid and filtered; the product on 
evaporation afforded crystals of cane sugar. On the same 15th 
January a similar solution, in a carefully closed bottle, was put 
aside, and not examined till the 20th of September; there was 
no formation of hydrated carbonate of lime as in the experi- 
ments of Daniel and Pelouze, as the fluid was protected from 
the action of the air; the solution on evaporation furnished 
