be present in the soil in which the bulbs are planted. It is possible that 
it may be present on bulbs when they arrive from the nursery and it is 
also possible that some slight bruise or injury that occurs during pack- 
ing or mailing or handling in the garden may be responsible. As a pre- 
caution against basal rot’s developing we disinfect all bulbs before 
shipment, but this does not preclude their acquiring the disease, though 
it is a very real safeguard. 
We feel that the current habit of shipping bulbs with the roots 
intact is not helpful and may sometimes be harmful, as these roots 
rarely survive and take hold again in their new home but only tend to 
rot once they are in the soil. In some varieties that are not suscepti- 
ble to basal rot the presence or absence of roots is relatively unim- 
portant. However, in our experience those lilies liable to basal rot are 
much less apt to acquire infection if the roots are clipped before the 
bulb is replanted. If they are removed, Hormodin or any of the stan- 
dard rooting powders will help the bulb to quickly form new and 
healthy roots. Dusting with Spergon is an added precaution. 
In the matter of basal rot there is a subtle factor worthy of men- 
tion. The purple form of L. Martagon which is native to Europe thrives 
in European gardens and is apparently not subject to basal rot. In this 
country the purple Martagon is a different story. There is no lily 
more susceptible to basal rot, even when it has been grown from seed 
here. The white Martagon, which is native to the same areas in Europe, 
thrives in both European and American gardens. These illustrations 
could be repeated many times with other well known varieties. All we 
can say is that in a certain environment a given lily tends to thrive — 
or the reverse. No one has as yet been able to put his finger on just 
what occurs. This will, of course, be an area for some future research. 
In addition to L. Martagon type, the following lilies are especial- 
ly susceptible to basal rot in American gardens: L. chalcedonicum, L. 
testaceum, L. croceum, L. pardalinum, L. Humboldtii, some of the 
Bellingham hybrids, L. pyrenaicum, L. formosanum, and L. speciosum. 
It may be of interest to note that basal rot is probably the prin- 
cipal factor responsible for the serious losses that frequently occur 
in seedling lilies. 
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