THE AUSTRALIAN NATURALIST. 87 
addition to all this, 2,000 objects of ethnological interest were 
also collected. Itineraries of the hitherto unk 
were also kept, and altitudes noted in them. 
Aquatic Cockroacu.—Nelson Annandale (* Journ. Asiatic 
Soc., Bengal,” ii., 1906, pp. 105-7) discusses a Species of 
Hpilampra living in an Indian jungle stream. The tip of, the 
body is held out of the water, and the last spiracle is of a 
slishtly tubercular nature, and projects at the side from below 
the posterior extremity of the sevenih terzite, being provided 
with a thick ring of chitin. The author also notes that an 
aquatic glow-worm (Lampyrid) larva possesses a star-shaped 
funnel and traches which can be extended from the posterior 
end of the body. 
nown regions 
Norges on Sypney Larva anp Pupa.—It must not be sup- 
posed that with the advent of the winter months all collecting 
of insects is to be placed on one side. The perfect insect, it is 
true, is seldom seen on the wing during June and July, though 
at Killara Railway Station, at midnight on the 18th June, 
five large moths belonging to two distinct species were taken. 
In addition to this, the night was very wet. Most of the col- 
lecting at the present time, however, consists in the search for 
larve and pups. Insects in these stages seem to withstand the 
cold of winter very much better than in the perfect state. At 
the present time pupw of several of the Papilios may be found 
attached by the tail, and a silken girdle round their middle, to 
their food plants or neighbouring fences, as, for example, 
P. sarpedon choredon on the Camphor Laurel. When on a 
fence this pupa looks exactly like a folded-up Laurel leaf. 
Young larve of Delias nigrina, and, if one is fortunate, of 
D. harlpalyce, may now be found on various species of Loranthus 
(Mistletoe). On this same food plant at night-time the Ogyris 
also feed. Amongst the Satyrine, numbers of young larve 
may be found by carefully searching the soft grasses in the 
shade of fences, near stones, etc. These larve are all nocturnal 
feeders, hiding by day amongst stems of the grasses, under 
pieces of bark, etc., and ascending the grass stems at night to 
feed—there they may be seen by the aid of a lantern. They 
may also readily be seen in the day-time by searching in 
suitable places amongst these grasses, often being knocked 
away from their hiding places by the hand, and then picked 
up off the ground. These larve are usually green, such as 
Heteronympha merope, Xenica uchanta, and Hypocysta metirius ; 
sometimes brown larvae of H. merope are found, and Ypthima 
arctous is generally brown. They are all recognised by their 
forked tails. Their pupx are usually attached to the grass 
stems, under logs, etc., but in the case of H. merope they are 
found under pieces of bark, unattached. The writer at one 
time found over thirty of these pupe under a small Nasturtium 
