Ay thevilla Parkkvergreen News 
Published by 
JT HEVILLA PARK EVERGREEN CO. 
Greetings. 
Beginning with this issue of our catalog it is our intention to publish 
a short article about facts and problems connected with evergreens. We 
will try to aquaint our customers with the botanical, geological , and 
historical background of the evergreen family. We will also discuss in 
different issues the use of evergreens in plantings as well as the care 
of evergreens. If our customers will save the different numbers of our 
Evergreen News,they will have a complete treatise on evergreens. 
Botanical Facts About Evergreens, 
Evergreens.- For many it means Christmastrees, a 
Pine in the forest,or a Hemlock---a tree which keeps 
its green foliage the year around. If,however, we 
go a little deeper into the subject, we find that 
there are more than 6500 different evergreens. Also 
there are evergreens which do lose their needles 
in winter. Bewildering,is it not? To bring some 
order and clarification in this matter we must turn 
to botany. 
The ancient Greeks had a very poetic way for descri- 
bing evergreens. It may not have been scientific but 
certainly was romantic. It seems that Atys,a Greecian 
shephard fell in love with beautiful Cybele, the 
mother of gods., pledging his eternal faith to her. 
However in time his adoration cooled, and finally he 
forgot her. In revenge for this perfidity Cybele 
changed him into a pine tree. One day Jupiter found 
her sitting under her pine tree8 shade, Broken-hear- 
ted. Jupiter felt sorry for her and in order to com- 
fort her,he promised the Pine would never lose its 
needles. Cybele would always have at least the shade 
of her lover. 
Beautiful, but botanically it is of course not cor= 
rect. The botanist makes exact classifications and 
tells us that the more than 500 different evergreens 
belong to the family of Gymnosperms. Gymnosperms? A 
very scientific term, but very simple in every day 
language. It means a plant which produces naked seeds 
in contrast with Angiosperms which produce seeds en- 
closed by a structure called ovaries, 
Both-the Angiosperms and Gymnosperms belong to a 
division in the plant family called the Spermatophy- 
tes, these include all the different trees, shrubs, 
flowers,grains and vegetables. 
However since we started with the botanical terms, we 
might just as well go a little farther to find a more 
comprehensive picture of the world of plants to which 
naturally the evergreens belong. 
The more than 335,000 plants known at present are 
classified into 4 divisions: 
1, Thallyophytes: Algae and Fungi 
- 2. Bryophytes: Mosses and Liverworts 
3. Pteridophytes: Ferns. 
4. Spermatophytes: Trees, shrubs,flowers, 
grain and vegetables. 
As said before the Spermatophytes are subdivided into 
Angiosperms( Seeds are enclosed into ovaries) and the 
Gymnosperma( Seeds are borne openly on surface of sca- 
les-naked seeds). 
Evergreens belong to the subdivision of Gymnosperms,. 
There are about 500 different evergreens known. The 
botanist divides this large group into orders. We 
have four such orders: 
1. Cycadales: Palms 
2. Ginkgoales; Ginkgo-Maidenhair tree. 
3. Gnetales:Mormontea etc. 
4, Coniferales: Most of our popular 
, known evergreens. 
To bring still some clarification each order is 
divided into families. So we have in the order of 
Coniferales the following families: 
1. Family Taxacea: All the Yews. 
2. Family Pinacea: Firs, Pines, Spruces, 
Larch, Tamarack, Leba- 
non and Deodar Cedars, 
3. Family Taxodiacea: Redwood, Big Trees, 
Bald Cypress. 
4. Family Cupressacea: Junipers,Arbor Vi- 
tae, Retinospora 
and Cypress. 
\ 5. Family Auracariacea: Norfolk Pine. 
The different trees in afamily are known as genus, 
If there are different trees in a genus another 
subdivision called species is created and finally 
the species are broken down into varieties. 
Lets have an example as illustration. Suppose we 
have a Dwarf White Pine. The botanist classifies 
this tree as follows: 
Division: Spermatophytes. 
Subdivision-Gymnosperm. 
Order: Coniferales. 
Family: Pinacea. 
Genus: Pine. 
Species: White Pine. 
Variety: Dwarf White Pine. 
Not all of the more than 500 evergreens are in 
cultivation. Some are found only in tropical zones, 
others are only known as forest trees. Climatic 
and geographical conditions reduce again the num 
ber of evergreens which will thrive and be known 
in different localities. 
New varieties are added every year, mostly by graf- 
ting and occasionally by selection of seedlings, 
However, in some cases it is more or less only a 
duplication of known varieties, Fortunately quite 
a few are discarded again because of lack of merit. 
A few words about names of evergreens. Usually only 
the popular names are used, especially in catalogs 
for retail business. The wholesale nurseryman is 
using both the Latin and the popular name. Lets see 
how this is done. For example the Blue Chinese Juniper: 
Latin: Juniperus Chinensis Glauca 
Popular: Blue Chinese Juniper. 
Names of species are of geographical description 
(Colorado Juniper),of color({Blue Spruce), of per 
sons(Hicks Yew), place of growth( Waukegan Juniper), 
and other characteristics. 
YZ/ 
YZ 
Seed of Angiasperm 
Seed of Gymnospe rm 
