Coulson and Poad: Biological characteristics of Psettodes erume/ from the Indian Ocean 183 
Morato, T., P. Afonso, N. Carvalho, P. Lourinho, R. S. Santos, 
H. M. Krug, and R. D. M. Nash. 
2007. Growth, reproduction and recruitment patterns of 
the wide-eyed flounder, Bothus podas Delaroche (Pisces: 
Bothidae), from the Azores. Mar. Biol. Res. 3:403—411. 
Nair, R. J., and A. Gopalakrishnan. 
2014. A review on the fisheries, taxonomy, and status of 
the flatfishes in tropical waters. Rev. Fish. Sci. Aquac. 
22:175-183. 
Nelson, J. S., T. C. Grande, and M. V. H. Wilson. 
2016. Fishes of the world, 5th ed., 752 p. John Wiley and Sons, 
Hoboken, NuJ. 
Ogle, D. H. 
2016. FSA: fisheries stock analysis. R package, vers. 0.8.6. 
[Available from website, accessed July 2017.] 
Okamura, H., and Y. Semba. 
2009. A novel statistical method for validating the periodicity 
of vertebral growth band formation in elasmobranch fishes. 
Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66:771—780. 
Pauly, D. 
1980. On the interrelationships between natural mortality, 
growth parameters, and mean environmental tempera- 
ture in 175 fish stocks. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 39:175-192. 
Pearson, D. E., and S. V.G. McNally. 
2005. Age, growth, life history, and fisheries of the sand sole, 
Psettichthys melanostictus. Mar. Fish. Rev. 67(4):9-18. 
Platt, C. 
1983. Retention of generalized hair cell patterns in the 
inner ear of the primitive flatfish Psettodes. Anat. Rec. 
207:503-508. 
Policansky, D. 
1982. The asymmetry of flounders. Sci. Am. 246(5):116—-123. 
Pradhan, M. J. 
1962. Observations on the maturity and spawning of Pset- 
todes erumei (Schneider). Indian J. Fish. 9:580-589. 
Prasanna Kumar, S., M. Madhupratap, M. D. Kumar, 
P. M. Muraleedharan, S. N. de Souza, M. Gauns, and 
V.V.S.S. Sarma. 
2001. High biological productivity in the central Arabian Sea 
during the summer monsoon driven by Ekman pumping 
and lateral advection. Curr. Sci. 81:1633-1638. 
Prasanna Kumar, S., P.M. Muraleedharan, T. G. Prasad, M. Gauns, 
N. Ramaiah, S. N. de Souza, S. Sardesai, and M. Madhupratap. 
2002. Why is the Bay of Bengal less productive during sum- 
mer monsoon compared to the Arabian Sea? Geophys. Res. 
Lett. 29(24):2235. 
R Core Team. 
2017. R: a language and environment for statistical com- 
puting. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, 
Austria. [Available from website, accessed July 2017] 
Ramanathan, N., and R. Natarajan. 
1979. Breeding biology of Psettodes erumei (Bloch and Schn.) 
and Pseudorhombus arsius (Ham. Buch.) Pisces: Pleu- 
ronectiformes along Porto Novo coast (S. India). Aquacul- 
ture 18:269-282. 
Rao, K. V.S. 
1983. Maturation and spawning of lizard fishes (Saurida 
spp.) from northwestern part of Bay of Bengal. Indian J. 
Fish. 30:27—45. 
Reynolds, R. W., T. M. Smith, C. Liu, D. B. Chelton, K. S. Casey, 
and M. G. Schlax. 
2007. Daily high-resolution-blended analyses for sea surface 
temperature. J. Clim. 20:5473-5496. 
Ricker, W. E. 
1975. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics 
of fish populations. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 191, 382 p. 
Robillard, S. R., and J. E. Marsden. 
1996. Comparison of otolith and scale ages for yellow perch 
from Lake Michigan. J. Gt. Lakes Res. 22:429-435. 
Russell, D. J., and A. J. McDougall. 
2008. Reproductive biology of mangrove jack (Lutjanus 
argentimacuiatus) in northeastern Queensland, Australia. 
N.Z. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 42:219-232. 
Sengupta, D., G. N. B. Raj, and S. S. C. Shenoi. 
2006. Surface freshwater from Bay of Bengal runoff and 
Indonesian throughflow in the tropical Indian Ocean. Geo- 
phys. Res. Lett. 33:L22609. 
Silvestre, G. T., and L. R. Garces. 
2004. Population parameters and exploitation rate of demer- 
sal fishes in Brunei Darussalam (1989-1990). Fish. Res. 
69:73-90. 
Smith, D. C., 5S. G. Robertson, G. E. Fenton, and S. A. Short. 
1995. Age determination and growth of orange roughy (Hop- 
lostethus atlanticus): a comparison of annulus counts with 
radiometric ageing. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:391—401. 
Stevens, D. W., M. P. Francis, P. C. Shearer, R. P. McPhee, 
R. W. Hickman, and M. J. Tait. 
2005. Age and growth of two endemic flatfish (Colistium gun- 
theri and C. nudipinnis) in central New Zealand waters. 
Mar. Freshw. Res. 56:143-151. 
Sumpton, W., and I. Brown. 
2004. Reproductive biology of the red throat emperor Lethri- 
nus miniatus (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the southern 
Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Bull. Mar. Sci. 74:423-432. 
Then, A. Y., J. M. Hoenig, N. G. Hall, and D. W. Hewitt. 
2015. Evaluating the predictive performance of empirical 
estimators of natural mortality rate using information on 
over 200 fish species. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 72:82-92. 
Vivekanandan, E., P. U. Zacharia, M. F. Khan, and R. J. Nari. 
2003. Flatfishes. In Status of exploited marine fisheries 
resources of India (M. M. Joseph and A. A. Jayaprakash, 
eds.), p. 164-170. Cent. Mar. Fish. Res. Inst., Kochi, India. 
Wakefield, C. B., I. C. Potter, N. G. Hall, R. C. J. Lenanton, and 
S. A. Hesp. 
2015. Marked variations in reproductive characteristics of 
snapper (Chrysophrys auratus, Sparidae) and their rela- 
tionship with temperature over a wide latitudinal range. 
ICES J. Mar. Sci. 72:2341-2349. 
Yoneda, M., Y. Kurita, D. Kitagawa, M. Ito, T. Tomiyama, T. Goto, 
and K. Takahashi. 
2007. Age validation and growth variability of Japanese 
flounder Paralichthys olivaceus off the Pacific coast of 
northern Japan. Fish. Sci. 73:585—592. 
