8 
THE AUSTRALIAN GARDENER. 
AUGUST 10, 1903. 
of other trees, and why should it not an- 
swer equally as well with the Rose. The 
latter part of August or early in September 
is about the time to do it, or when the 
buds or young shoots are from one to two 
inches long. There are always too many 
shoots produced. To obtain fine foliage and 
flowers, in some cases half, in others two- 
thirds, of the buds may be removed, ac- 
cording to the variety and strength of the 
plant to be operated on. It takes but a 
short time to do, and when pruning time 
comes round there is very little work for 
the knife; if the roots are well adjusted, 
with few exceptions there is only to shorten 
them. Climbing Roses, such as Cloth of 
Gold, Gloire de Dijon, Boursaults, Bank- 
giag, and others of a similar character re- 
quire a-different mode of pruning to the 
Hybrid Perpetuals; and all summer Roses, 
whether they are trained to a wall trellis, 
or budded on tall standards so as to form 
a dome, which has a very fine effect, the 
dead, weak, and useless wood should be 
cut out, leaving the healthy strong wood 
as long as required. The pruning may 
be done at various times, but always after 
’ the main crop of flowers drop, unless the 
seed is required. Bourbons may be treated 
the same as Hybrid Perpetuals. 
Insrcts anp Disrases.—The Rose in all 
ity stages is, if possible, more liable to the 
attacks of insects and various diseases than 
most of any other hardy shrub. There are 
many ornamental shrubs and trees which 
grow from year to year without any appa- 
rent disease, and increase in beauty as 
they increase in size. Not so with the Rose, 
unless it be some hardy climbing variety, 
for a choice kind of Rose left unpruned 
and uncared for only one season often be- 
comes so weakly as scarce to be restored 
to vigor again. Foremost among its 
enemies is the Rose Aphis (Aphis rosce), 
which seems to multiply itself almost 
magically. Some fine evening in Septem- 
ber you may be admiring the vigorous, 
healthy shoots of your Rose trees, appa- 
rently clean and fresh and free from all 
blight; the next morning..by 11 o’clock 
nearly every shoot may be found coated 
with its living world of insect life, some 
green, some brown,or brownish, but all ab- 
sorbed in one. pursuit—sucking the life- 
juice from every shoot and leaf. No enemy 
to the Rose is so perseyering or so injurious, 
for in twenty-four hours those fine luxu- 
riant shoots.crowned with. their. buds of 
promise will, if. left uncared for, be wither- 
ed and unsightly.. The following is an effec. . 
tive remedy: Take four ounces of quassia 
chips and boil them’ten minutes in a gallon 
of soft water, strain off the chips, and 
add four ounces of soft--soap, which 
should be dissolved in it as it cools 
—stirring it before using; the syringe 
may be employed especially for climbing 
Roses,- for standard Roses, and Rose 
bushes. A! shallow dish—such as a milk- 
dish—half-filled with the liquid, bending 
the shoots down ag near as possible to the 
liquid, then with a soft painters’ brush 
every leaf can be wetted in two or three 
minutes with but little waste. A: man and 
boy will get over a large quantity in a day. 
Aften ten minutes: or so have elapsed, the 
dead and dying insects should be washed 
off the tree with pure water from a syringe. 
The much-abused sparrow will attack the 
aphis and clean the Rose bushes in a few 
days, especially in the spring and summer 
months. In the summer months the curcu- 
lio beetle or weevil, which hides itself in 
the ground, generally close to the stems, 
often commits great ravages by eating out 
the centre of each bud and the tips of 
shoots. He can only be caught at night, 
and from his dark brown coat and size, 
approaching that of a ladybird, a sharp eye 
and bright light must be employed. 
In the months of September and October 
the rose caterpillar makes his appearance ; 
he may soon be detected, for he glues a 
leaf or two together to form his habitation. 
As soon as such leaves are perceived—and 
every morning the trees should be exa- 
mined—-these glued leaves should be 
squeezed between finger and thumb so as to 
crush him effectually. Nothing but close 
attention will save your rosebuds from be- 
ing perforated by him and ruined. No de- 
coctions or infusions are of any use; the 
only remedy is the crushing one. 
‘The worst disease known here is the 
white mildew, which often makes its ap- 
pearance the latter end of summer. It is 
most difficult to arrest; it does not kill 
the Roses, but destroys the beauty of the 
leaves and weakens the tree. Flowers of 
sulphur sprinkled on the leaves and shoots 
in the evening when moist with the dew 
and washed off with the syringe the follow- 
ing morning will arrest it sometimes. If 
the weather be hot and the sulphur be suf- 
fered to remain on the leaves all the day ~ 
following, mischief often occurs and the~ 
leaves burn. If the weather be cloudy it — 
may remain on the leaves for twenty-four 
hours, but in all cases syringe the leaves 
and shoots abundantly with pure water to 
wash it off. 
A: few remarks as to the best classes of 
Roses to grow and I will draw this paper. 
to a close, which I feel has done but scant: 
justice to so important a subject. Mee 
Roses of to-day and what they were 
thirty years ago there is a great contrast. 
The late Thomas Rivers published his first 
Catalogue of Roses in the year 1834, enu- 
merating 478 varieties, and in the year 
1869 eleven out of that number were only 
retained or cultivated, and none of them 
suitable for exhibition purposes, thus 
showing the wonderful strides that have 
taken place in their cultivation. There can 
_beno doubt but that the Hybrid Perpetual 
is at the. present day by far the best class, 
taking everything into consideration. They 
bear an abundance of flowers during the 
whole of the summer and autumn; _ their 
flowers are large, very double, most frag- 
rant, and produced through the greater 
part of the year. Their habit is robust and 
vigorous in a remarkable degree; they are — 
(perfectly hardy and will grow in almost 
any soil and situation. In brilliancy of 
colors no other class can approach them. 
At the same time some of the Teas, 
Noisettes, Bourbons, Mosses, and a few 
others should be in every collection, such 
as Belle Lyonaise, Cheshunt hybrid, De- 
voniensis, Gloire de Dijon, Madame Ber- 
rard, Md. Camille, Marechal Neil, Safrano, 
and Souvenir d’ un Ami (as Teas), Aime 
Vibert, Cloth of Gold, Jaune Desprez, and 
Solfatere (as Noisettes), Baronne Gonella, 
Baronne Noirmint, Charles Souchet, Leve- 
son Gower, Madame de Stella, Mrs. Bosan-~ 
quet, Queen of the Bourbons, Reine Vic- 
toria, and Souvenir d’ la Malmaison (as 
Bourbons), are about the best in their 
classes, which are all’small as compared 
with the Hybrid Perpetual class. 
+BSESOSO86 & 
NEW ROSES 
Some confusion exists in regard to the 
new hybrid Tea Rose shown as Helen 
Gould at the recent Rose Show in New 
York. It is claimed by some to be the same 
as the Rose already known as Baldwin. 
However this may be, the Rose is exciting 
considerable attention and comment. It 
is said to be excellent for both out-of-door 
and greenhouse forcing. 
All those who succeed with Golden Gate 
‘will want Ivory. It is an ideal forcing 
Rose, and will doubtless secure a place for 
itself alongside of the Bride, which is say- 
ing a great deal. It is very prolific and 
of good constitution, and the quantity of 
flowers jproduced will commend it. Its 
sparsity of foliage is held against it by 
some, but the same objection holds against 
Golden Gate. ~~ 
RECCOSO 6SSb> 
ROSE FIAMMMETTA 
NABONNAND. 
Tf only for its delicious fragrance this 
Rose should be grown. But, apart from 
“such a valuable peculiarity, this variety 18 
‘worth growing for its delicately tinted, 
globular blossoms. The color is satin- 
white, beautifully suffused and edged with 
rese, and its shell-like petals are very 
handsome. It cannot be called a very 
double Rose, but the petals fold over the 
centre so gracefully as to give the flower 
the appearance of being a very hard one. 
The growth is not quite so vigorous as one 
could wish, but perhaps it will improve 
in this respect. A newer variety named 
Baronne M. de Tornaco is said to be an 
intprovement on Fiammetta Nabonnand. 
Certainly it appears to be rather more 
heavily marked with rose, and the white 
petals have a decided tinge of buff. 
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