__Suly 1, 1904 
for decorative effect, and for ease in walking 
mnder them—even when wearing a high 
hat—this point should be considered. 
Ivy.clad arches are not seen as often as 
they might be. They are objects that may 
be enjoyed in summer and winter alike, and 
on that account deserve to be placed in 
sight of the house windows. I know one 
such arch that, in addition to the Ivy, has a 
climbing Rose to enhance its beauty ir 
summer. The large-leaved and uncommon 
Trish Ivy has been chosen, and few things 
that the garden contains are more decora- 
ive than this massive archway. 
A.deep arch, asa porch to the summer- 
hhouse, makes this a picturesque instead of 
unsightly object, as too often it is, Ivy, 
however, should not be used in such a 
position, lest it tend to darken the interior 
of the summer-house, but some of the 
Clematises, a spring-flowering variety, and 
in conjunction with it one that flowers later 
in the season, make ideal subjects. Or, 
azain, cluster Roses. and with them some 
Major Convolvulus—one of the most charin- 
ing summer climbers it is possible to culti- 
vate—make delightful summer pictures. A 
long, straight garden path gains immensely 
in picturesqueness by being spanned by 
several of these arches, and they are a 
means of introducing color at a height of 
‘several feet from the ground; and at the 
same time a long line of tubs, well filled 
with flowering plants, such as Hydrangeas, 
Agapanthus, Lilies, or even standard and 
miniature shrubs, is distinctly a decorative 
feature, especially in those gardens where a 
certain tiim formality is desired to. be 
accentuuted. To gain the best possible 
effect the plants must be in a buoyantly 
healthy condition, for nothing looks more 
forlorn than to see starved and limp plant 
life, so to speak, on show, their roots con- 
fined, ana unable to seek nourishment 
Leyond the limits of the tubs. Well-cared 
for, however, these specimen plants are 
valuable garden accessories, 
Frowerine Hepes 
are seldom seen, but they can become 
charming features in the garden, and if a 
hedge is necessary, surely, if it is possible, 
it is well to choose something that shall 
Jend its quota of color to the general effect. 
It then answers # double purpose—it forms 
the necessary screen, and it 1s a flowering 
subject. : 
A low hedge, yet high enough to screen 
the cabbages from view, may be made by 
planting Lavender. ‘This maintains its 
silyery-green foliage, may be allowed to go 
all unpruned, as it is one of the tidiest and 
neateet of plants, and if it gets too wide can 
be cut back to trim neatness again, A 
hedga of Lavender in full floweris a charm- 
ing sight—and smell, too—and can be 
quickly formed. Really large pieces put 
into the ground will strike root and grow 
quite as well as small bits of new growth, 
and within a year a delightful miniature 
hedge will result. If the cuttings are put 
in fairly close at the time of planting, 
alternate ones can be withdrawn the next 
season to give sufficient room for develop- 
ment. : 
Spirsea Lumalda, a small, compact*shrub, 
covered with pink flowers in summer, is 
another admirable plant for the purpose in 
question. It is very decorative in effect, 
and blossoms at the time of year when 
flowering shrubs are scarce. It has the 
merit, too, of remaining in flower for a 
long period. This Spireea is especially suit- 
able fur a moist situation, and where the soil 
is inclined to be heavy and rich. 
Roses, again, make an ideal hedge if the 
proper kinds are selected. The making and 
training of such a hedge is a most interest- 
ing pastime, and, when fully grown, should 
be a grand feature of great decorative 
value. Some of the old, but trusty, Hybrid 
Perpetuals, like General Jacqueminot, or 
Dupuy Jamain, make a glorious mass of 
color, while, for length of blooming, few 
varieties can exceed the Monthly or China 
Roses. It need hardly be said that one 
variety only should be chosen. I should 
imagine that the Hybrid Tea Camoens 
would be highly successful thus treated, 
and, for brilliancy of tone and wealth of 
blossom, hard to beat. F. M. WeEtts. 
TRENCHING GROUND IN WINTER. 
At this season of the year every advan- 
tae of fine, open weather should be taken 
to increase the fertility of the soil in our 
gardens. The minds of most persons will 
at once revert to the vegetable garden as 
being the quarter in which trenching most 
directly applies. It is an invaluable aid in 
the kitchen garden, but equally so in the 
flower garden, and the new beds which are 
to be devoted to the growth of evergreens 
and ornamental trees. j 
By trenching, I mean the breaking up of 
the soil to a depth varying from eighteen to 
thirty inches. 
The advantages derived from the judi. 
cious breaking up of the land are not as yet 
fully appreciated. Three parts of our 
garden ground is left untouched from the 
time the crops are cleared off in the autumn 
until the warm spring days come rouud, 
and remind the gardener that once more 
Nature is waiting for the sowing of the 
seeds. And if the surface remains clogged 
and undisturbed, full crops cannot be pro- 
duced from the seeds sown, and nothing less 
than a full crop should satisfy us. 
Do not wait until the spring before 
letting in the air and warmth, as well as the 
keen frosts, into the land, but commence to 
trench forthwith. 
Trenching should be dong well, and not 
“‘scamped;” therefore take sufficient time 
about the work, and if ten rods cannot be 
properly dealt with in one season, be con- 
‘tent to do five, and leave the rest until 
another winter. 
The proper tools to use are a clean spade 
and a strong garden fork. Examine the 
surface of this plot before commencing to 
trench it, and if one part is lower than 
another endeavor to make any equality 
good during the process of trenching. 
A piece of ground forty feet wide may be 
divided into two parts, the soil from one 
half (twenty feet) being taken out and 
simply placed at the end of the other half; 
it will then be available for filling in the 
trench, when the whole piece of ground has 
been dug. Take one half and trench it 
through to the other end, and to fill up the 
last trench bring the soil from the other 
half. Its removal will open out the trench 
on the last portioa to be dug, which will be 
finished off by using the soil taken out at 
the commencement. : 
By this method very little labor in wheel- 
ing soil to a distance is incurred. If, how- 
ever, the piece of ground is a narrow one, 
from four to six yards wide, the soil taken 
out of the first trench may be at once 
wheeled to the other end in readiness for 
filling up the hole at the last; thus the 
whole piece of ground would be trenched in 
one breadth instead of in two. ms 
The soil in the bottom of the trench 
should be broken up, but leave it below, 
and do not bring it to the surface. The top 
soil ought to be left in as rough a condition 
as possible; the winter frosts, rains, and air 
will thus enter in more freely, and, in the 
spring-time, it will rake down freely, and 
be in the best condition for the reception of 
seeds and plants. 
Trenching may be done until quite late in 
the spring, but the sooner after the winter 
sets in the better will be the results. 
Manure may be incorporated with clayey 
soil at the time of trenching, in the autumn, 
but it is better to delay the application of 
manure until the spring where a very light 
soil is being dealt with. 
When trenching ground a note should be 
taken of the result to the crops. 
DELAMERE. 
RUGOSA ROSES. 
Although the value of the Rosa rugosa 
has been recognised since its introduction, 
now a good many years ago, it is rarely 
that any introduction maintains its popu- 
larity to such a great degree as this has, up 
to the present day. Its well doing every- 
where is the main cause of this. It. 
matters not whether in city or country, the 
growth is satisfactory. Its very good ap- 
pearance near cities is in a great measure 
owing to its doing so much better than 
other varieties in similar situations, and 
this good doing is no doubt owing to its. 
thick leaves, enabling them to withstand 
the smoke and dust associated with such 
localities. ee 
This rose makes an admirable hedge for 
a boundary line; it is so hardy, so bushy,. 
and so ornamental in leaf, flower, and fruit. 
It needs but little trimming, only enough to 
keep it in place, as the plant’s habit is to 
grow bushy and not tall. As a hedge it 
becomes so broad and bushy in time that a. 
wide space must be allowed it when set. 
The plants could be set red and white- 
flowered alternately if desired, as both 
grow exactly alike. 
- Propagation of these plants is carried on 
by layering, by seed sowing, and by cut- 
tings chiefly. layering is always a sure 
way, but seed sowing is the best of all. 
Gather the large pods in winter, pound 
them until the pulp can be washed away 
from the seed. ‘Then preserve the seed in 
damp soil, in a cool place, until spring, sow- 
ing it then outdoors as early as possible, 
and every seed should grow. It is true that 
rugosa roses give us their best display of 
flowers in spring, but all through the 
summer at intervals there are blossoms 
appearing, even to the last day of autumn. 
—‘‘ Florists Exchange.” 
mein an aac eee £ 
