i4 
if apins has made its appearance on 
geach trees they should be sprayed with 
eliler uikuteen diluted, resin and soda 
wash, or-blue-oil emulsion-which has been 
Siluted in the propértion of. 1 gallon in 6). 
Keep a strict-watch on all refills, and if- 
these show any signs of wilting give them 
zune or two buckets of water from time to 
time until they get a good start. 
Disbud all uewly-planted trees, leaving 
good shoots at least four inches apart along” 
the truvk of the tree, and do not allow two- 
or three shoots to start from the same place, 
a8 SO Many have done, Lut give each branch 
a separate hold of the main stem. 
Citrus trees may be snccessfully Ludded— 
this month. Keep all dormant buds and 
grafts well disbudded, so that the bud may 
get away good and strong. No suckers or 
shoots should be allowed to grow below the 
buds. It is also very essential that stocks 
whould be cut back properly.. The cut 
should be slanting, being slightly lower on 
the side of posite to the bud, and it is ad- 
visable to stake them, not only to prevent. 
their being blown out, but to encourage a 
Straight trunk: 
Where grafts have been put in old trees 
@hey.are.even more liable to be blown off 
than small-ones, and must. be tied to pre- 
wentit. To do this a good stake should be 
tied to the branch grafted, and allowed to 
project a foot or more over the end; then 
as the graft grows it can be tied to it. 
While working around trees’ watch for 
Sorers on the trunks and branches, as when 
tbey are starting their work it is very easy 
#o cut away the bark and find them, in this 
gray keeping thé orchard free of this pest. 
in coastal districts it is well to spray 
wines immediately after the fruit is set with 
Bordeaux mixture, and should caterpillars 
of any kind be eating the leaves, add Paris 
green to the solution in the proportion of 1 
#2, to 20 gallons, \ Repeat the sulphuring 
from time to time, giving as many as eight 
applications if the season is at all damp. 
* 7Phis: will 
acheck. Ue 
Keep all vines well disbudded. I. have 
moticed in mavy small vineyards that this 
Amportant work is neglected, Never allow 
any branch to grow below the crown of the 
wine. To do the work properly it will be 
maecessary to disbud all vines from two to’ 
three inches —N.S.W. Agricultural Gazette 
Vegetable Garden, 
DPERATIONS FOR NOVEMBER, 
By W.S. Camppens, . 
The season, so far, at time of writing, 
‘Beems to be late and very dry over a con- 
siderable extent of country, with a satisfac- 
tory rainfall, however, many kinds of vege- 
tables, such as punipkins, marrows, melons, 
and cucumbers, which are practically at a 
standstill through want of moisture will 
grow with great rapidity and make up for 
Dost time. a 
The use of farmyard manure will be 
found satisfactory as a mulch for any kind 
of vegetables. «It may be spread quite 
thick and will then be most effective, With 
& little practice, and a good, not too broad, 
pretty well keep*the oidium in ~ 
THE AUSTRALIAN GARDENER, 
Dutch hoe, any weeds which may come up 
in the mulch may be destroyed without 
much disturbance of the mulch. It should 
not be difficult ona farm to obtain all the 
necessary manure for the mulch, but if for ~ 
any reason or other it is not practicable to 
spread the mulch, the surface soil amongst - 
and about the vegetables should be fre- - 
quently stirred, and this should check ex- ~ 
cessive evaporation from the soil and save 
the vegetables to a great extent. 
Seedling - vegetables which have been 
grown for planting will- need watering 
frequently during the dry weather, and it’ 
may be desirable to shade them during tke 
day, or a part: of the day, with some very 
thin or light shading. 
Beans of the French or Kidney type.— 
These beans, of which there are now a 
good many kinds, may be grown in almost 
any part of the State. Whenever | this 
vegetable has been growing satisfactorily, 
further sowings may be made from time to 
time in order to keep going a. supply of 
beans sufficient for all requirements. A few ~ 
trials show about how much land to sow at 
atime. If the plants are well cared for, 
in good health, and the beans picked fre- 
quently so as not to allow any to ripen, they 
-snould produce beans for some weeks. 
Runner beans will be found useful and pro- 
lific, and sometimes they are to be preferred 
to the dwarf. If well staked or sticked 
they may serve to some extent as a break- 
‘wind for other-vegetables, 
“Broad Beans.—These should be bearing 
in cool climates, and, perhaps, in other 
places, but it is too late to sow except in 
quite cool districts where the rainfall is 
good. 3 
- Beans (Lima).—Either the dwarf or 
‘runner varieties may be sown during the 
_ month 
Beet (Red).—Sow a little‘seed once or 
twice, or as often as may be required during 
the month. As a rule not a very large 
_ supply is needed. The globe varieties will 
be found to be the most satisfactory. Sow 
in drills about 18 in. apart, and thin out 
seedlings well as soon as they are large 
enough to grow singly. 
Beet (Silver).— Seed may be sown if any 
plants are required; but if any plants had 
been raised last month and planted out they 
will probably suffice for some time to come. 
This vegetable is a very useful one, for it 
will provide good supplies for a long time if 
well grown, and it is well supplied with 
manure. Avoid pulling many leaves from 
‘a plant atatime and fresh ones will soon 
grow, if the season is favorable, or if a 
good supply of water is available for the 
vegetable garden. 
Cabbage.—a little seed may be sown 
now and then during the month to keep up 
a supply of young plants for pricking out, 
and afterwards for planting out in the 
garden. A little shadiag over the seedbed 
is desirable, and also a light mulch of well 
broken up manure, and frequent waterings 
will be necessary so that the seed after 
sowing does not become dry. Plant out 
strong young cabbages whenever the 
weather is favorable and the soil is in good 
condition. Use abundance of farmyard 
manure and inulch well. : 
Cauliflower may be treated just the same 
as the cabbage. 
November 1, 1904. 
Carrot.—Sow a little seed in rows about 
1 foot or 18 inches apart. 
Celery.—Sow a little seed to keep up a 
“supply of plants. Transplant any advanced 
plants which may bée large enough ‘to 
heavily-manured ground which has been 
well prepared for their reception. If some- 
of the self-blanching plants are used a good 
deal of work in blanching may be avoided. 
Some shading will be necessary, but not so- 
much as for tha green-stemmed. varieties. 
Celeriac, or turnip-rooted celery, is a 
useful kind of celery, used: for the root and 
cooking purposes chiefly. Sow a few seeds. 
ing seedbed, and transplant like ordinary 
celery. No blanching will be necessary. 
Cucumber.—Seed may be sown early in 
the month in well-dug, well-drained, and 
well-manured ground. It would be advis- 
able to manure the whole of the ground, 
and not merely portions where the seed is 
to be sown. As the plants grow, pinch any 
shoots which are likely to make strong 
growth. ~ 
Cress and Mustard.—Sow. a little seed 
occasionally. This is a useful salad and 
makes an excellent addition to lettuce and 
other salad plants. Use plenty of well- 
rotted good manure, and endeavour to in- 
duce quick, crisp growth. Watering may 
be necessary frequently should the weather 
prove dry. 
Capsicum —A plant or two should suffice 
in the vegetable garden, for, as a rule, this 
vegetable is not required to any great ex- 
tent. The smali varieties are useful for 
pickling in vinegar to make what is known 
as chili vinegar, and the medium-sized for 
mixing with onions when pickled. The 
. very largest kind are used for canaries asa 
relish. Seed may be sown and the seedlings 
afterwards transplanted to well-manured 
soil. 
Kgg-plant.—Seed may be sown in seed- 
bed, box, or seedpan. Plants already 
raised may be planted out in the garden on 
well-prepared ground, 
Kohl-rabi, or turnip-rooted cabbage, is 
worth a trial. A little seed may be sown, 
and well-advanced seedlings planted out 
like cabbage. Manure the ground heavily 
if good results are desired. 
Leek.—The ground for this vegetable 
needs to be very heavily manured. Seed 
may be sown occasionally in seedbed, and 
seedling leaks may be transplanted from 
time to time in shallow trenches. Should 
the weather be dry, a good deal of water 
will be necessary to keep the leeks growing 
as they should. 
Lettuce.— This salad plant is generally 
highly appreciated in summer, when it ig 
more difficult to grow than in -cooler 
weather. It has a greater tendency to run 
to seed than to form good solid heads, espe- 
cially those lettuces which are transplanted. 
Yo obviate this running to seed, or ‘‘ bolt- 
ing,” the seed may be sown in rows where 
the lettuces are to grow. The soil should 
be well manured and well dug. It may be 
advisable to supply the lettuces cccasionally 
with liquid manure to induce quick growth. 
Make use of the plants as soon as possible, 
and do not wait for the chance of their 
‘““bol.ing.” 
Parsnip.—Sow a little seed in rows about 
two feet apart. The ground should be aug 
deep and well. The application of manure 
