SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 
would be dealt with from all points of view—cases in which a combined effort of 
a number of fellows and associate fellows, both physicists and chemists, would 
be required. 
It is expected that, in course of time, there would be formed a certain small 
number of sections in each of the departments of physics and chemistry, with a 
chief in each section, such, for example, in the chemical department, as the section 
of inorganic and physical chemistry, and the section of organic and biological 
chemistry. It is not in contemplation, however, to form separate sections for 
so-called pure and applied science, still less for such subdivisions as are generally 
made in applied chemistry, the policy of the Institute being to attack industrial 
problems from a broader and essentially scientific point of view. In this con- 
nexion it may be mentioned that the Institute is expecting a number of special 
industrial problems to be constantly brought forward for solution by manufac- 
turers, and that the Institute would gladly undertake the investigation of such 
problems, somewhat on the same lines as are followed at the Mellon Institute in 
Pittsburgh. Such a policy would, it is believed, not only contribute more directly 
to the development of special industries, but also bring the Institute into closer 
touch with the manufacturing world—a state of things which is evidently essential 
for bringing about a satisfactory federation of science and industry. 
The greatest and most fundamental difficulty experienced in Japan is the lack 
of really capable researchers, and one of the most important objects of the 
Institute is to train young men in original research. For this purpose a certain 
number of university graduates are annually elected to research scholarships, 
which are tenable for two years, preference being always and strictly given to 
those candidates who have shown signs of originality and development rather than 
to those who have most distinguished themselves in examinations. During the 
two years of his term a scholar works at some original research, either in the 
University or in the Institute, and if, at the expiration of the term, he proves 
himself to be sufficiently satisfactory, and also desirous of getting a situation in 
the Institute, then he will be appointed an assistant. - If, however, he prefers to 
go elsewhere, he is quite free to do so. The Institute loses nothing by this, for’ 
its object is to train young men in research work, no matter whether they may 
or may not become members of its staff. An assistant receives further training 
in the Institute by constantly associating himself with the work of one of the 
senior members of the staff, and is, on being found to be sufficiently capable, pro- 
moted to an associate fellowship, and ultimately to a fellowship, with a propor- 
tionately increasing salary. A few of the associate fellows are annually sent 
abroad for further training, there being three (Asahara, Nishi-Kawa, and Taka- 
mine) in the United States at present. 
The laboratories and workshops of the Institute will be built upon’a site which 
has been bought in a northern district of Tokyo, not far from the University, but 
it will be some years before these are completed. Meanwhile the research work 
‘of the Institute is being carried on in the Universities of Tokyo, Kyoto, and 
Sendai, the authorities of these Universities having kindly placed some of their 
‘rooms at the disposal of the Institute, and the salaries of those engaged in or 
assisting research for the Institute, as well as expenses for instruments, chemicals, 
&e., being borne by the Institute. ane 
It may be added that the reason for making the Institute independent in its 
organization of either the University or tlre Government was to enable its staff 
to' devote the whole of, its time and energy to research, free from any tutorial 
‘work or the drawbacks attending a Government institution. iS 
—Nature, 12th December,, 1918. 
Science is organized Imowiedzes 
—Herbert Spencer. 
138 
