AUSTRALIA SELF-CONTAINED. 
big initial programme of new industries can be carried out to insure 
the well-being of the Commonwealth, The uttermost self-sacrifice has 
been displayed by our soldiers, and it. is incumbent both upon those 
who have been unable to get near the fighting line, also upon ithe 
younger generation growing up, to assist to the utmost in dealing with 
the aftermath of this war tragedy, and to sacrifice ourselves to what- 
ever extent is necessary towards building up the Commonwealth of the 
future on the best lines for the final realization of the Great State 
wherein the happiness of all its members is the chief object and aim. » 
We have problems, indeed many problems, in front of us. Many 
men have already returned, and a far greater number are still to 
return. They are not the same men as they were when they went 
away. They have been through experiences, compared with which our 
greatest trials are as nothing; they come back bigger, broader men, 
capable of bigger, broader things; more capable for better or for worse 
than they were when they left us. They are, in many cases, not 
normal when they return, and it is one of our highest duties to show 
them we are doing our best to appreciate, and are prepared to sacrifice 
ourselves. to carry out, towards building up the future, what their 
supreme efforts have helped to make possible. 
What are the essential factors operating towards the successful 
development of new industries in a young country? 
They may be divided under several headings, viz. :— 
1. Natural Resources. 
2. Politics. 
3. Finance. 
4, Education. 
5. Organization. 
6. Relations between Labour, Management and Capital. 
7. Relations between Different Operating Companies. 
8. National Efficiency, in its broadest sense, for the attainment 
of which health and contentment are essential. 
9. Maintenance of the Ethical as opposed to the Materialistic 
Attitude of Mind. 
10. Development of the Spirit of Industrial Citizenship. 
11. Recognition by the Country of the Value of big Companies 
or Corporations when properly controlled. 
Natural Resources.—As shown previously, the natural resources of 
Australia are immense, and, in many cases, almost untouched. For 
instance, we only handle a small proportion of the wool we produce; we 
have no manufactures of cotton goods at all in the country, and still 
export a very large quantity of ores and concentrates without abstract- 
ing the metal therefrom. We export sulphur-bearing concentrates and - 
import sulphur-bearing materials. | We export wool and import tweeds, 
and the history of the treatment of by-products in Australia has yet to 
be started. As an example of the wastage that-is going on, there is 
one public abattoir killing all the meat for many thousands of people, 
where every drop of blood is run to waste daily, and this is but the 
merest instance. en se 
Politics—The present and future positions call for ‘statesmanship 
ofthe highest order. The United States Government has definitely 
adopted the practice of. calling together bodies of specialists to consider 
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