SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 
and recommend upon specific problems and, in almost all cases, such 
recommendations have ultimately been adopted. 
Whatever system is to be followed finally in fostering new industries, 
it seems desirable for our Commonwealth Authorities to have a full re- 
view of future necessities, and our statesmen and leaders to consider 
the position closely. Some favour a system of bonuses on production 
from new industries, graduated according to a logical scale based upon 
the essential nature of the industry to the Commonwealth, and the 
particular circumstances of each ease. 
Further, there is the whole problem of the heavy cost of building 
and plant construction here in Australia; the question of heavy duties 
upon machinery, &c., absolutely unobtainable in this country. 
The question of markets is already under investigation by the Com- 
monwealth. In this connexion, the appointment of Mr. H. Y. Braddou 
to Washington was a most excellent one from all points of view. 
For some time past, the United States Ministry of Commerce has 
been sending specially selected technical men. touring the world to report 
on their particular subject, for the benefit of manufacturers in America. 
This system might well be considered by the Commonwealth authorities. 
Finance—This subject calls for very special consideration by 
experts with a view to the possible formation of trade banks, supported 
or guaranteed by the Commonwealth for the purpose of supporting 
industries favorably reported on by selected experts. 
Hducation.—Kither there is a sad. lack of appreciation or a very 
serious state of inertia with regard to the matter of education. We 
progress up to a certain point, we deal fairly thoroughly with primary 
education, then all appreciation of the issues involved and the purposes 
of education seem to be lost entirely, with the result that the final 
position is most unsatisfactory and indefinite. There is an imperative 
call for a broader outlook, for the expenditure of much more money, 
and for thorough appreciation of the fact that, unless all steps are taken 
to discover, develop, and completely educate the best brains growing 
up in the community—irrespective of which particular class of society 
they exist in—the country cannot be expected to advance as it should in 
properly co-ordinated and balanced prosperity. 
We allot a student of special ability £40 per annum as a scholarship, 
out of which he is expected to attend the University, keep himself, 
and, possibly, also assist in keeping the home going, with the 
result that many of the best men are unable to uvail themselves of 
the opportunity, and the country loses much more than the man. 
Obviously, if it should pay to send the man to the University, it pays to 
enable him to live decently, without worrying about ways and means, 
and, moreover, arrangements should be made that each of these men 
has a post reserved for him when he completes his training course. In 
-this connexion, large companies can clearly do much more than a 
number of smaller ones, as they have more reserves, and can. afford to 
carry larger overhead expenses. 
The experience of the world generally is that men of directive 
capacity and imagination, who are at the same time well-balanced, are 
very scarce. They do uot originate from any one particular class of 
society, and it is one of the most important duties of education to 
discover such men and make them realize they are given their particular 
ability and balance in trust for society. They should be encouraged 
150 
