SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 
TICK INFESTATION AND MILK YIELDS. 
Some valuable figures, showing how dipping increases milk produc- 
tion in the case of cattle infested with ticks, are reported by the United 
States Department of Agriculture. Figures are given regarding one 
herd of 500 cattle, where the milk production increased 10 per cent. 
Prior to dipping, from 12 to 15 per cent. of the herd was lost each year 
~because of ticks. Since dipping began, there have been no losses at 
all. Records that have been kept systematically prove that cows lightly 
infested with ticks produced 18 per cent. less milk than did tick-free 
cows; while cows heavily infested produce, on an average, 42 per cent. 
less milk than similar cows free from ticks. Reduction in milk flow 
does not always appear in the first milking that follows dipping, even; 
but it is natural that after a milch animal has been driven a few miles 
vo the dipping vat and has gone through the excitement of dipping, her 
production should fall off slightly, but this temporary falling off soon 
disappears, and finally the milk yield is increased, the actual increase 
being according to the number of ticks that were sucking the blood that 
should have gone into the making of milk. 
The anti-tick campaign is apparently proceeding very satisfactorily, 
and in one month 7,000,000 dippings of cattle to get rid of the cattle 
fever tick were carried out. As a result of the organized effort against 
the tick in the United States, the area over which the pest operates is 
becoming less and less, and the losses greatly reduced. 
A STEEL RESEARCH LABORATORY. 
A number of the leading American steel and engineering companies 
have decided to install an Experimental Rolling-mill, and to establish a 
Bureau of Rolling-mill Research, under the auspices of the Carnegie 
Institute of Technology at Pittsburgh.- This action marks a notable 
. advance in the spirit of co-operation among American manufacturers. 
The Bureau of Rolling-mill Research will have four distinct func 
tions :— 
1. To investigate and study the physical and mechanical changes 
taking place in steel and other metals, and the power consumed 
during the process of rolling at various temperatures and speeds. 
2. To distribute the information obtained by means of these 
experiments among the co-operating firms in order that they may 
put it into commercial use. 
3. To provide laboratory facilities in which the contributing 
companies may conduct experiments and investigate designs of rolls” 
for the production of new se¢tions which they wish to place on the 
market. ' 
4. To offer courses of instruction to students employed by the con- 
tributing interests, and to those students who are to specialize in this 
field, and are registered at the Carnegie Institute of Technology. 
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