BUDS. ae 
or Pink. In the Currant, &c. the leaves are placed 
singly on the stem, and each a little higher and opposite 
to the one below; while in the Lilac, &c. they are 
arranged in pairs, one opposite the other; in the 
former (Currant, &c.) the leaves are said to be alternate, 
in the latter (Lilac, &e.) opposite. ‘There is one other 
mode of arrangement, which is not so common as the 
foregoing, and consists of 8, 4, 5, 6, or more leaves, 
placed in a circle round the stem, forming what is called 
a whorl, or verticel, as for example, in the Bedstraw, 
Woodruff, Cleavers, and Madder, (f. 3.). 
In order to show how great a difference the mere 
arrangement of the leaves on a stem makes in the 
appearance of a plant, let the following experiment be 
tried ; pull off from a Lilac branch every other leaf in 
turn, beginning with the lowest right hand one; next 
take off the lowest but one on the left, then remove 
the one which is next but one above that which remains 
on the right, and so on, taking away every other leaf 
in alternate succession, and when all these have been 
removed, the branch will appear to be furnished with 
alternate instead of opposite leaves, and a comparison 
with one in the natural state will exhibit the great 
difference the plant would present if the leaves had 
been arranged alternately. 
BUDS. 
13. Take almost any woody plant which is in full 
leaf, and examine it carefully at the part where a leaf 
joins the stem, and a small green body will be found 
growing there: this is commonly known under tle 
