AND ITS POSITIONS. 43 
either calyx, stamens, and pistils; or stamens and 
pistils only. 
The stamen (pl. 15. f. 3.), generally consists of a 
thread-like part, the filament (/f.), supporting on its 
end a coloured body or case, the anther (a), or pollen- 
case: the anther is occasionally present without the 
filament. 
OF THE POSITION OF STAMENS IN THE FLOWER. 
56. On comparing different flowers together, it will 
be seen that the stamens are not always placed on the 
same part. This difference of position is important in 
Botany, and therefore should be attended to by the 
student. 
57. The stamens in the Buttercup (pl. 15. f. 2. s.), 
Wallflower, Pink (f. 4. s.), Sweet William, Tulip, Lily, 
&e. will be seen to be fixed upon a part in the flower 
which is immediately below the pistil; that is, on a 
part of the stem which supports first, the calyx, then 
the corolla above, and then the stamens. This igs 
termed the insertion, or position of the stamens, and 
as in the above examples, they are placed immediately 
below the pistil, and are free from the calyx or corolla, 
the insertion is said to be hypogynous. 
58. But in the Rose (f. 1. s.), Cherry (f. 5. s.), 
Apple, Pear, Hawthorn, &c. the stamens are found to 
take their rise from the calyx, which, when torn off in 
pieces, will carry the stamens with them; in these 
flowers they are placed around the pistil, but not below 
it, and the term perigynous is applied to this mode of 
insertion. 
