54 NATURE OF THE 
Poppy, Chickweed (f. 8.), Pink (pl. 8. f. 10.), er 
cockle. 
84. The Siliqua is a kind of capsule, but eonaists 
of only two carpels, as in the Wallflower (pl. 18. f. 8.), 
Stock, Cabbage, Radish; the seeds are fixed to two 
placentas, or receptacles on the edges of the carpels. 
85. The Acorn (pl. 18. f. 1.), or Wut is a fruit 
which in the early state is composed of three ovaries 
(f. 2. ov.), each containing two ovules; but of which 
only one-ovary arrives to maturity with one, or rarely 
two seeds in it: the whole is enclosed in an involucre 
or cupule (par. 41.), as in the Hazel, &e, 
COLLECTIVE FRUITS. 
86. There is another kind of fruit which is to be 
seen only in a very few examples in.this country, and 
is called a Collective Fruit: as the Fig, Mulberry 
(pl. 18. £. 5.), and Pine Apple: these fruits consist of the 
calyx and ovaries of a great number of flowers com- 
bined into a-solid mass. The Fig (pl. 18. f. 4.), when 
cut open will be found to contain the stamens and 
pistils of many flowers (f), the thick eatable part 
being the axis or stem softened and enlarged at the 
expense of the former. 
87. It now remains to take a general view of the 
nature of all the various organs which have been 
examined in succession, beginning with those of the 
seed, onwards to the ovary. It appears that a plant 
is composed of a root, or descending axis, and a stem 
or ascending’ axis, which last is furnished with appen- 
dages of various kinds, such as leaves, &c. and which 
