197 
1873.] T. W. H. Tolbort —History of the Portuguese in India. 
commentary of the siege of Goa and Chaul, by Antonio de Castilho ; 
and some other which we have forgotten.” 
The Life of D. Joao de Castro, by J a c i n t o F r e i r e d e Andrade. 
This work has passed through several editions and is considered one of the Por¬ 
tuguese classics. The second siege of Diu by the King of Gujarat occurred 
during the Yiceroyalty of D. Joao de Castro, and the defence and relief of 
the fortress are deservedly regarded by the Portuguese as among the great¬ 
est of their achievements. The edition of the “ Life” published in 1835 
contains valuable notes with selections from Castro’s correspondence, among 
these are letters regarding Persian histories of Alexander the Great, proba¬ 
bly the “ Sikandarnamah,” for which D. Joao de Castro, who was a man of 
literary as well as military ability, had sent. There is a work by I). Joao de 
Castro himself, the “ Roteiro,” giving an account of his voyage up the Ped 
Sea in 1540. 
The Chronicle of King John the Third, by A n d r a d e, is another work 
thought very highly of by the Portuguese themselves. 
There must be frequent references to Indian affairs in the Chronicles 
and Histories of other Portuguese and Spanish Monarchs, but the reigns of 
Emmanuel and John the Third were the “ golden age” of Portuguese rule 
in India. Those of Sebastian and Philip the Second may be considered the 
“ silver age,” and subsequent reigns down to the capture of Cochin “ the 
age of brass.” 
St. Francis Xavier was a contemporary of Don Joao de Castro ; his 
life and work are so intimately connected with Portuguese India, that authori¬ 
ties regarding them may well be referred to here. Xavier’s own letters are 
the best source of information regarding him. There is the old Latin edi¬ 
tion of Tursellinus, and a modern French one by Leon Pages. Of professed 
biographies, the most authentic is that in Portuguese by Lucena, and the 
most popular that in French by Bohours. Three recent biographies should 
also be consulted. First that by Venn, written from the Protestan^stand¬ 
point. Second, a volume of Xavier’s life and letters, published last year, 
1872, by the Rev. H. J. Coleridge, an English Jesuit. (The second volume 
has not yet appeared.) Third, a Life of the Saint published at Goa in 1861, 
by Senlior Felippe Neil Xavier, Director of the National Press. This con¬ 
tains much miscellaneous information regarding Xavier and his tomb. 
As Xavier is the Saint of Portuguese India, so is C a m oens its Poet. 
The Lusiad is an authority in Portuguese History just as Shakespeare is 
for our own Plantagenets.- National pride and patriotism pervade it, and 
great events which would be smothered in a mere chronicle of facts are 
brought by it prominently and picturesquely to view. There are many 
well known lives of Camoens, and many editions of the Lusiad in all Euro¬ 
pean languages. The Portuguese (I believe) regard the edition of the 
