237 
1873.] H. Blochmann —Geography and History of Bengal. 
and the nobles that of Narayan.” The military power was estimated at 
200,000 foot and 1,000 elephants ; and numerous invasions of Silhat and 
Sunnargaon hy the Rajahs of Tiparah are mentioned in the Rajmala. The 
old capital was Udaipur, or Rangamati, on the left bank of the Gumti. 
Hence Van den Broucke speaks of 6 Oedapoer and Tipera hut on his map 
he places between Tipera and the Brahmaputra, above Bolua, the “ Ryk van 
Udesse,” which is not marked on the maps of He Barros and Blaev. As he 
does not mention Udesse in his text, the name is either a mistake for Udai¬ 
pur, or he has been misled by his countryman De Laet, who says, “ Udessa, 
or Udeza, whose metropolis is Jokanat or Jekanat, the furthest province of 
this empire to the eastward, is adjacent to the Mag kingdom, whose in¬ 
habitants are most ferocious barbarians,” and who thus places Orisa (Odesa) 
and Jagarnath near Arakan. 
The western and southern portions of Tiparah are included in Todar 
Mali’s rent-roll in Sirkar Sunnargaon; but they were only conquered, 
according to Grant, in Shahjahan’s reign ; and in A. D. 1728, we hear of a 
re-conquest, when the district was placed on the rent-roll under the name 
of Raushanabad. 
Before going further, I have a few words to say on the country of 
Jajnagar, which Stewart, Stirling, Dowson, and Thomas agree in identifying 
with Tiparah. Stewart and Dowson, however, also apply the name to a 
portion of Orisa, and compare the word with the name of the town of 
Jajpur, north-east of Katak, on the Baitarani. Jajnagar is mentioned as a 
country full of wild elephants ( jfypR 0 ) in the Tabaqat i JSTapiri, and the 
two Tarikh i Firuz Shahis, i. e. up to about A. D. 1110, after which the 
name disappears. It also occurs in the Ain; but the passage refers to the 
reign of Hoshang of Malwah (A. D., 1105 to 1131).t 
It is first mentioned as lying, together with Bang, Kamrud, and Tirhut, 
near the kingdom of Lak’hnauti ;J and when Tughan Khan (Tzzuddin 
Abul Rath Tugliril) invaded Jajnagar, he left Lak’hnauti city in Shawwal, 
611, and arrived after about a month, on the 6th Zi Qa’dali, at Katasan, the 
frontier of Jajnagar.§ In the following year, 612 [A. D., 1211], the Rai 
of Jajnagar invades the kingdom of Lak’hnauti, and first seizes on Lak’hnor, 
which above was identified with Rarlia (west of the Ilugli), where he 
he would have reigned towards the end of the lGth century; but the Rajmala places 
his reign much earlier. Journal, Yol. XIX, for 1850, p. 546. 
* “ The countries of Oedapoer and Tiparah are sometimes independent, sometimes 
under the great Mogul, and sometimes even under the king of Arakan.” 
f It may be that Da k’kin historians use tho term to a later period. 
J Tab. Nac;irf, p. 163. 
§ Loc. cit., p. 241. Katasan has not been identified. The MSS. have also Katas, 
and Katasin. 
