from u Dsam Ling GyesTie .” 
25 
1887 .] 
If you. proceed further east, you come across a tribe called Tagyab. 
Here is a huge rock the top of which spreads like a, canopy. In Tagyab 
yul there are two monasteries called Magon and Bugon, two incarnations 
of Legpai Sherab and Lodan Sherab (spiritual father and son,), desig¬ 
nated by the title of Chhe-Tshang and Chhung-Tshang, who preside 
over a large number of monks, and also several villages constituting a 
large district. This monastery formerly belonged to the Tshan Nid 
school, but has been converted into a Gelugpa institution. The Tagyab 
tribes are greatly devoted to the Gelugpa school. From Tagyab yul if 
you go further east, you reach Mar Kham, where there are some 
monasteries belonging to the Sakyapa and Gelugpa schools, and the 
ancient temple of Dolma Lhakhang erected in the days of Srongtsan 
Gampo. The people of Mar Kham, who are of strong make, are devoted 
to mischievous pursuits (robbery, &c.), and speak a dialect of Minag. 
To the east of Mar Kham lies Kongtse kha, which forms the boundary of 
Tibet and China. To the east of Kongtse kha lies the Bah division 
(Batang of English maps), which contains the Bah chhoi de (Gonpa) 
and Goj Jije monasteries of the Gelugpa school and several villages. 
From Bahthang if you travel along the valley of the Dichhu river, 
you arrive at a (Bong) hilly country called Bahsangan, of which 
the whole population lives by professional brigandage and robbery. 
From Bah division going eastward you arrive at Lithang, where 
(in the neighbourhood of Bah) there is a place of pilgrimage called 
Kaburnanang, in which in ancient times there was a large Karmapa 
monastery, on the site of which there is at present a small monastery 
called Kesar Gon khang. On its east side lies the Thub-chhen Chyambal- 
ing monastery of Lithang, containing 2,800 monks and many learned 
scholars of theTshan-nid school. There are also several larg r e and minor 
monasteries among which the Samphelling monastery of the Gelugpa 
school is noted. The monasteries of the Sakya and Kingma schools there 
are in a state of decline. To the north-east of Lithang lies Kagrong (a 
very large district). The people of upper Nagrong are professional 
brigands and robbers. The lower portion of Nagrong is inhabited by 
Lithang and Minag tribes. The tract on the right bank of the Kgacrchhu 
river belongs to the jurisdiction of the Lithang chief (under Chna). 
It contains a temple called Phod ang Ngatse, where the Indian A'charya 
Pha Tampa Sangye (the founder of the Shichyepa school of Tibet) per¬ 
formed yoga for some time. It is said to contain the mark of this saint’s 
back printed on the face of a rock. 
From Lithang crossing the Kgagchhu if you travel eastward, you arrive 
in the extensive country of Minag, which contains the Minag kah shi 
(Gonpa) monastery belonging to the Sakya school, and the Minag Kye li 
(Gonpa) monastery belonging to the Gelugpa school. To the north 
