30 
Sarat Chandra Das —A brief account of Tibet, $‘c. 
, [No. 1, 
to Kumbum and Tsanpopa- abbots, in consequence of which those under Je 
Gampo and Phagdu, have been converted into Gelugpa institutions. Close 
to Duggu Gonpa there is a sacred place called Katong. In Lower Pa/ri 
there is a district called DoZdar Hor, which contains Dethung (Gonpa), 
Kha thipa (Gon), Lenpah the (Gon) Ashitag, and Kamalong monas¬ 
teries. Close to these lives a large tribe of China-Tibetans, within 
whose lands are Thang ring (Gonpa), Jalohang (Gonpa), &c., besides 
Padu (Gon), Chyamba bum ling, Lokyatun, Jomo khar monasteries, 
among which Chyambaling is celebrated for the gigantic statue of 
Maitreya Buddha, one hundred and eighty feet high, as well as a hundred 
thousand miniature images of that Buddha. A similar gigantic statue is 
said to exist in the Tam thung monastery of China. Lokyatun monastery 
contains a large image of Sambhara (the Tantrik deity who clasps a 
female deity in his embrace). Jomokhar contains the tomb of Chyain- 
chhe Chhoi Je Lama and a complete set of Kahgyur and Tangyur, 
written in gold. On the right bank of Machhu (Hoangho) there are a 
few Chinese monasteries, such as Han Taglung Gonpa, &c. Formerly 
Chinese Hor people held the north portion of Amdo, who, joining the 
Tartars of Dolonor, carried on frequent depredations in China. In order 
to put a stop to these invasions the Emperor of China Thang Wang 
formed a treaty with Tibet, under the conditions of which the united 
troops of China and Tibet subdued the mischievous Tartars (Hors) and 
subjected them to the power of China. Thenceforth almost the whole of 
Amdo became a Tibetan province. From those Chinese Hor people 
many Chinese kings had sprung, such as King Hor tliupa, whose rule 
extended over half of China. 
To the north of Lake Kokonor (Tslio ngonpo), close to PaZ Ri, the 
tract is occupied by a tribe of Hor people called Sara Yugur, who are 
Buddhists. Within their lands there are Yugur-ta go (Gonpa), and 
Mag Chliu (Gonpa), and these people are said to be a sub-tribe of the 
great Yugur people, and their chiefs are tho descendants of Pan Yan 
Ching called Jurje Althan Han (golden king). Within the province of 
Amdo lies the district of Yarmo thang, which contains the lako Thi Sar 
GyaZmo, in the bordering tracts of which tliere is a large tribe of Tartar 
people called Kokonor Mongol, who are ruled by 33 chiefs, most of 
whom trace their origin to tho llos’og Walgasi of right Orod (or Oeluth) 
tribe and some of whom are said to be the descendants of Kha 1 kha and 
Thume kings. In the centre of Lake Kokonor thoro is a bill called 
Mahddova, on tho top of which are several places of sanctity, the 
principal of which is the Dub phug (cavern), where Padma sambhava 
(IJrgyon Rinpochhe) is said to have meditated for the good of the 
wor l(|. In Kokonor province there are several monasteries, among 
wldch Tva tshang gon and Sertboggon are important. 
