SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. 
Water 
Casein 
or water casein ratio) to produce glues of standard medium vis- 
cosity, ¢.g.— 
compared with the total weight of casein used (W = 
Type of Casein. Ash per cent. Water/Casein. 
Grain curd .. are 1:8 fe 2+3 
Lactic-acid .. Me 2-5 92 2-4 
Mineral acid .. x 4:0 aa 2-8 
Rennet e tht 8-6 3°9 
The variation in water requirements is of most importance in 
making glues, and casein dissolved in alkali and combined with 
lime forms a water-resisting glue which has been of great value 
in the construction of aeroplanes. Such glues are now available 
commercially. ~ 
3. As a medium for mixing colours in textile printing. As a 
dressing for linen and cotton fabrics, and for sizing and loading 
textile fibres. 
4. For waterproofing coloured, art, and drawing papers, cartridge 
cases, textile fibres to be worn next to the skin, and cardboards. 
Mixed with asbestos it forms a waterproof and fireproof material. 
5. In making various paints, washes, and enamels. These can 
be made suitable for use on any kind of surface—wood, brick, 
stone, cement, iron, &c. - With silicates, it forms a cheap fire- 
proofing and waterproofing paint, and can be used with advantage 
on damp walls. 
6. In the preparation of various plastic masses in imitation of 
ivory, celluloid, bone, horn, and leather. Galalith is a well-known 
substitute in which the casein is hardened with formalin. 
7. In the preparation of many patent foods, e.g., Sanatogen 
(approximately 95 per cent. casein and 5 per cent. sodium glycero- 
phosphate); Visem, a casein food containing lecithin and salts of 
glycero-phosphoric acid; Plasmon, 75 to 80 per cent. protein, 5 to 
_ 10 per cent. fat and milk sugar, and 5 per cent. sodium carbonate— 
very assimilable, and useful as a diabetic food. Others are 
eucasein, nutrose, sanose, Vi-casein, and eulactol. 
8. For fining wine, being cheaper and better than albumin. 
9. Miscellaneous uses, such as solidifying mineral oils, for paint 
removers, sealing for bottles, shoe polishes, roofing pulp, and in 
ointments and soap.. tage 
There are six or eight factories manufacturing casein in Victoria, 
chiefly in the southern parts—at Camperdown, Colac, and near by; and 
two firms in New South Wales, one being in the North Coast dairying 
district. Although skim milk is used, the casein prepared is not very 
free from fat, no guarantee of less than 4 per cent. being given. 
Condensed Milk—The manufacture of condensed milk is now a 
well-established industry in Australia, and there are many factories, 
making practically all the kinds of sweetened and unsweetened milks. 
A_ historical account is given by Mr. O’Callaghan in his book on 
“ Dairying.” - 
_ 218 
