Keeping Evergreens 
Healthy 
Methods Recommended by The Wisconsin 
Department of Agriculture and Markets. 
\ 
y 
Yj 
With the advent of hot, dry summer 
weather evergreens should be given 
plenty of water and carefully guarded 
against red spider attack. This pest is 
a very small mite, barely visible. If al- 
lowed to become numerous on ever- 
greens that mite will, through its habit 
of sucking sap from the foliage, cause 
them to lose their characteristic colors 
and assume a “rusty’’ appearance. Red 
spider can readily be controlled by the 
employment of one of the following 
methods: 
1. Syringe the foliage with water under pressure 
from garden hose or power sprayer, taking 
particular pains to secure a forceful spray 
applied from underneath the foliage. 
. Spraying with a glue spray consisting of 
Vy Ib. of a cheap grade of ground bone glue 
in 5 gals. of water. (Dissolve the glue first 
in a small amount of boiling water.) 
- Dust with sulphur liberally on a warm day, 
using a superfine commercial brand of dust- 
ing sulphur. 
Follow directions. If used as recommended 
no injury will result from any of these treat- 
ments. Avoid spraying an evergreen in the 
middle of the day as water alone will sometimes 
result in injury by scalding at such times. Re- 
peat treatments six days after first application to 
kill young spiders escaping in egg stage and re- 
member that applications should be made as 
often as necessary because of continual rein- 
festations. 
For further information on diseases, write to 
State Entomologist, State Capital, Madison, 
Wisconsin. 
Yon, NC 
2. PLACE 
HOLE SLIGHTLY 
1 
DIG HOLE AT LEAST A FOOT LARGER AND 
DEEPER THAN EARTH ATTACHED TO TREE. 
Mi COMPLETELY SURROUND ROOT OR BALL 
OF EARTH WITH RICH LOAMY TOP SOIL. 
Gi by fod 
SORAy 
Z YW Yip. = 
te LMM ie 
EEPER THAN TOPS 
ART 
R — 
LE Z 
CUT OFF BURLAP ON 
TOP OR ROLL IT BACK. 
How to Plant Balled and 
Burlapped Evergreens 
Follow directions as outlined in picture 
above. If ball of earth appears hard and dry 
upon arrival soak it in a tub of water before 
planting. Leave saucer around base of tree 
so that drainage will be towards tree. Do 
not put fresh manure in hole so it comes in 
contact with the roots. Use well rotted ma- 
nure and spread it on the ground after tree 
is planted and hole filled up. Keep ground 
well cultivated or mulched. When watering 
see that ground is soaked to a depth of 12 
or 15 inches. Just sprinkling the surface is 
not enough. 
<2/ a a if 
4D) PACK TOP SOIL 
BAY? FIRMLY WITH 
SEAS | M\FEET OR BY 
y? /? FILLING HOLE 
How to Prune 
Evergreens 
Evergreens are pruned for the following reasons: 
To keep tree within certain limits of size. 
To shape the tree into some special form. 
To invigorate a weak tree. 
In order to keep a planting of evergreens around 
a small home neat and attractive for the greatest 
number of years, requires that their size be kept 
within certain bounds. The first consideration, of 
course, is to choose trees which are more nearly 
suited by natural growth to the planting being done, 
and then to keep them in a thrifty, vigorous, and 
attractive form by pruning. 
The ideal time for pruning evergreens is in late 
spring or early summer, although they can be 
trimmed any time from late March until October. 
PRUNING JUNIPERS, ARBOR-VITAE, YEWS 
AND HEMLOCKS 
These evergreens can be trimmed severely with 
pruning’ or hedge shears and kept to a certain size. 
Naturally, it is better practice to prune regularly 
once or twice a season, rather than to neglect prun- 
ing for several years and then expect to bring the 
trees back into form all at once. Again trim less 
severely the first few years after planting, than in 
later years, after the trees have reached the ideal 
size. Don’t hesitate to cut off the top of the tree 
when it kas reached the desired height. 
PRUNING PINES AND SPRUCES 
These are best pruned in early summer when the 
new yellowish green stem is developing but before 
the needles have started to grow out from these 
stems. If this ideal pruning time has been delayed, 
it can still be done when the needles are growing 
but before they are full grown. Pines are best 
pruned with a knife or small one-hand pruning 
shears, by cutting off a given amount of this new 
growth each vear. 
When the trees are small and newly planted, 
merely cut back some of the longer branches to 
shape and form the trees. When the trees get to 
be of proper size, cut off nearly all of this new 
growth, including the top of the tree. In this way, 
evergreens like Mugho Pine can be kept neat, small, 
and compact, extending the life of the planting. 
TABLE OF EVERGREENS and THEIR CHARACTERISTICS 
Sun or  Hard- 
Variety Form Soil Color Landscape Value Shade iness 
Juniper Andorra CR Silver-blue Kock garden—Turns silver-purple for winter. H 
Juniper Sargenti ! CR Dark green Banks —Holds color for winter. H 
Juniper Communis SE i Gray-green Ground Cover——Browns for winter. H 
Juniper Pfizeriana® SE | Thrive in Dark green ] VH 
Juniper Pfitz. Blue SE oe is 4 Silver-blue Jf \ Very good for foundation plantings. H 
- 2 FEE, OA serene Sn la cc ee ee Renee en seen near tiee ||| || reer oec ce 
jeeer Sg = Se Dowell in Dove, ee ae H 
Juniper Cina IU be sandics Deze eee VH 
Juniper Glauca TU] state, -—_Silver-blue a 
Juniper Dundee Py a Changes to plum-purple for winter. | VH 
Juniper Columnaris Ye eS DCIS OR TECOMe ny Um wanna. che Cate Ra eee Holds good color throughout year. Jo! H 
Juniper Virginiana Pye some ee Gecen Ot) © Groups, naturalizing, screens,’ Browns for winter. "=> VH 
Arbor-Vitae Siberian Gl Green \ (a trees for foundation planting and accents. Sun or VH 
Arbor-Vitae Pyramid Py Moist loam Green SU Give plenty: of water, especially in fall before ground freezes. { Pati ne: Me 
Arbor-Vitae American Co Green Hedge, foundation, group, background, screen. Shade VH 
Fir Douglas Co Average Dark green Specimen, group, background, screen. VH 
Pine Mugho Gl Light green ' (Foundation, specimen, rock garden. VH 
Pine Austrian Co Pees Deep green Specimen, group, background, screen, windbreak, or naturalizing. S VH 
Pine White Co verage Green Austrian Pine is best for lawn specimen. wee! VH 
Pine Red Co Deep green Red Pine grows in poorest and sandiest of soils. VH 
Spruce Black Hills _ Co Blue green = Specimen, group, background, screen, windbreak. VH 
Seg eer ae iee eee eee | Se Se a sees Beets a = 
Se ciple) a8 eoecinnen, or lone of more tree In an everuveen group, oF Som | VEE 
Spruce Norway Co Dark green Group, background, screen, windbreak, woodlot. Most rapid grower. VH 
Hemlock American IU Green Foundation, group, hedge, screen, naturalizing. Shade VH 
Taxus Cuspidata SE F P 2 
Taxus Capitata Co | Average Very dark Ideal for foundation planting; also in groups. : Sun or H 
Taxus Intermedia SE { Moist loam Green Beautiful evergreens. Some have red berries in winter. Shade H 
Taxus Brevifolia 
| 
IU (Irregular 
Upright) 
Gl (Globe) 
\) 
SE (Semi-Erect) Co (Cone 
