4 THE AUSTRALIAN GARDENER. 
SANDRINHGAM OELERY. 
Parsnip.—This vegetable requires the 
ground to be dug to a considerable depth. 
Sow a little seed from time to time. 
Peas.—Sow abundantly from time to 
time, and keep a good supply going. 
Keep the soil well worked between the 
rows. Lime will be found most beneficial 
to apply to the soil for this vegetable. 
Sulphate of lime or gypsum is also most 
useful, and will be found to improve the 
flavour of the peas. 
Radish—Sow seed from time to time. 
Use a good deal of very well-rotted 
manure, and encourage the radishes to 
grow as quickly as possible; they will 
then be of good flavour and very tender. 
Spinach —Sow a little seed from time 
to time during the month in drills, about 
18 inches apart. 
Shallots.—Plant out some bulbs about 
1 foot apart. 
Herbs.—Sow a little seed. 
ee 
Flowers. 
Spring flowering bulbs should be planted 
as soon as possible, or else it will be too 
late for them if allowed to remain after 
this month, 
Daffodils can be obtained now from 
seedsmen and from agents of seedsmen in 
the country at very cheap rates. These 
bulbs, having been acclimatised and raised 
in the State, should do well in gardens. 
The autumn planting of evergreens 
should have been completed before this. 
Attend to recently-planted trees and 
shrubs. Protect them from strong winds, 
so that they shall not suffer from being 
blown about. 
Sow seeds of all kinds of hardy annuals 
and perennials, and transplant seedlings 
which are large enough, 
Dahlias and chrysanthemums will soon 
be out of flower. Let the Dahlias die 
down, but the Chrysanthemum stems 
may be cut away as soon as all the flowers 
fade. Let all suckers grow, and in August 
cuttings can be taken for new plants. 
Preparation of ground for winter plant- 
ing and material for enriching the soil 
according to the needs of plants grown 
are important at present. Most of the 
summer and autumn blooming plants will 
continue to flower more or less this 
month, and little can be done but main- 
tain neatness until the time arrives to 
prune, store, or trans;lant the different 
classes. : ‘ 
In preparing new beds one of the most 
important considerations is, that the 
whole area is well under-drained. It is 
of even more importance than the culti- 
vation ‘of the soil, for no matter what 
plant food a soil may contain, it remains 
inert and useless unless an_ effective 
system of drainage exists. Well drained 
soil when cultivated is always warm and 
moist—conditions positively necessary for 
the perfect deveiopment of plant growth. 
Organic matter in the soil is decomposed 
and made available for plant food by the 
action of air, with its elements oxygen 
and carbonic acid gas, which is constantly 
in attendance on water moving through 
the soil. The proper depth to set the 
drainage material varies according to the 
depth of the soil or other sub-strata. In 
heavy retentive soils with a strong clay 
bottom, shallow drains set a few feet 
apart are best: in deep light soils the 
pipes or other drainage material will need 
to be placed in the clay no matter how 
deep it may be, to be thoroughly effective. 
Where possible a compost heap or pit 
should be made, in which leaves, stems, 
and general garden rubbish may be partly 
decayed before being dug into the soil. 
Stable manure should be mixed through 
the compost and the whole mass occa- 
sionally turned over and watered if dry. 
Lime should not be added or any ammonia 
that may be present will be dissipated. 
Seeds of sweet peas may be sown now. 
The most suitable soil is a fairly heavy, 
well-drained loam, although quantities of 
splenaid-blsoms are produced on sandy 
soils. Stable manure is the most suitable 
fertilising agent, a little bone-dust, or 
superphosphate, also being of great benefit. 
Plenty of space should be allotted each 
plant, the most common mistake being 
sowing the seeds too thickly. Plants of 
hardy annuals raised earlier in the year 
may be transplanted to their flowering 
quarters. A fair amount of room should 
be allowed for each plant, a greater 
number of and far finer blooms being 
produced by a few plants well grown 
than by a quantity over-crowded and 
-half-starved. 
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and General Outfitter, 284 Rundle ~ 
Street Hast, Adelaide. Suits to order on 
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June 1, 1907 
FLAKE CARNATION. 
Carnations. 
With fairly moist weather conditions, 
plenting out plants grown in pots, di- 
vision of herbaceous’ plants that have 
finished blooming, and layers and cut: 
tings propagated during summer. Car- 
nations will thrive better if planted out. 
now than at an other period, The soil - 
being warm and moist, the young plants 
soon become established, and bloom 
freely in spring. If it is desired to pro- 
duce specially fine blooms, the plants 
should be set out in specially prepared 
beds, and sirong young plants, either 
spring cuttings or layers rooted during 
summer, selected. The beds should not 
be over-shaded but protected from hot 
north winds. Narrow beds that will 
accommodate two or three rows of plants 
are most suitable, the plants being set 
out 2 feet apart each way. Cuttings of 
tree carnations will root readily in the 
open ground if inserted in sandy soil at 
once. One of the largest growers in the 
State produces practically all his plants 
of tree carnations from cuttings planted 
in narrow borders near his boundary 
fences. The soil for the purpose should 
be sandy and unmanured. , Where the 
natural staple is heavy and retentive, a 
little sand placed at the base of the 
cutting will facilitate propagation. The 
cuttings are best set ont in rows, about 
14 feet between the rows 3 inches between 
each cutting. Short lateral shoots about 
three or four inches in length are usually 
developed along the shoots of the plants. 
These will root readily, and will make 
nice sturdy plants The only preparation 
necessary is to trim off the leaves for 
about half the length of the cutting, 
insert it to that depth in the soil, firmly 
press the svil around it, and water after 
insertion. Should the weather prove dry 
after planting the cuttings, they will need 
to be watered occasionally. 
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