July 1, 1907 
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PURE 
LOLLIES. 
Sst 
Send your Order to 
JOHN 
WALTON, 
Wholesale Manutacturer of every Kind of Choice Sweets, 
"ES GA ERY = S35"... Adelaide, 
THE AUSTRALIAN GARDENER. 7 
WICTORIA 
DYE WORKS 
(BE. L. RAY) 
172 Rundle Street 
(Opposite York Hotel) and 
Stephen’s Place, 
(Side of Marshall’s) 
Gentlemen’s Clothes Cleaned or Dyed 
equal to new. 
Feathers Dyed and Curled 
Gloves Cleaned on Shortest Notice. 
Cut back hard at planting, and don’t 
be afraid that you will spoil your tree by 
doing so Failure to cut hard back pre- 
vents the formation of a strong, well-grown 
symmetrical tree, and always tends to 
injure the future vigour and growth of 
the tree, 
See that all trees that are planted 
whether deciduous or evergreen, are free 
from pests, as it is much easier to keep 
disease out of the orchard by planting 
clean trees than it is to stamp out disease 
once it has got a fair hold. Where the 
trees are infested with scale insects of any 
kind, they should be treated by hydro- 
cyanic gas. If this treatment of the young 
trees is carefully carried out.-there is 
every chance of their remaining clean for 
a considerable tinse after they are planted. 
~ Do not plant rubbish: only plant those 
trees that your soil and climate are adapted 
for Do not try to grow fruits that will 
only end in failure, as no grower who is 
dependent on frnit culture for his living 
can afford to grow fruits that can be pro- 
duced both better and cheaper by others 
under more suitable conditions; but he 
must confine his eneryies to the cultiva- 
tiun of those fruits that prove a commer- 
cial success. 
[t costs just as much to prepare the 
land for and to plant, ‘prune, spray, 
manure, cyanide, and generally look aft_r 
an inferior variety of fruit tree, or a 
variety of fruit tree that is unsuitable to 
the climate, and from which no return of 
value can ever be obtained, as it dces to 
grow a variety that is suitable to the soil 
and climate, that will produce superior 
fruit, and for which there is always a 
" ready sale : 
Fruit Stores. 
A cool store room enables the orchardist 
to keep fruit far into the winter and 
thereby supply the local and Inter-State. 
markets when as a rule prices are ex- 
tremely good. It will scarcely pay to 
build a fruit store where the orchard is 
small or say less than five hundred 
bushels could be relied on cach year. 
The only fruits likely to pay for special 
storage are applesand pears. Late ripen- 
ing fruit of firm texture and perfectly 
sound, especialiy about the eye and stalk, 
are the only kinds which should be selected 
for storing. The cooler and more regular 
the climate in which fruit is grown the 
better it will keep. Soil and the degree 
of exposure given to fruit during its 
various stages of growth have also a great 
deal tu do with its keeping qualities 
No fruit rooms should be thought of in 
the hottest parts unless supplied with a 
refrigerating plant. : 
The ordinary requirements of a fruit 
room are that it should be proportionately 
long »nd narrow ; have wide doors at each 
end and a high pitched roof; these fea- 
tures securing ample ventilation and an 
even temperature, Means should exist 
for admitting daylight to every part; but 
the light must be excluded wh n fruit is 
stored Double walls secure the lowest 
natural temperature vbtainable The 
roofing should be as thick as possible and 
the eaves broad. Thatch or bark makes 
the coolest outer covering of the roof. 
The building should where possible be 
placed on a well raised and solid platform 
so as to secure perfect drainage. The 
chamber floor should be composed of 
clean clay and sand, ‘tamped hard and 
well graded, or laid over with concrete. 
Tar nor any other odorous material should 
never pe used on the floor or any thero 
part of the building. No paint is needed 
side, fruit being highly susceptible and 
easily tainted where tar paint or vegetable 
odours abound. ‘The materials for build 
ing will always depend on the natural 
resources of the district; and the means 
and tastes of the owner. ; 
A high narrow barn-like building, with 
deep verandah sheds on three or all sides | 44.4) put the old shingles around under 
proves sufficiently cool for a store in late 
districts. Hot winds and direct sunlight 
‘from the north and west should be ex: | 
cluded by trees, or by selecting a site | 
open only to the cool east and south. 
Where fruit is to be stored for market 
it requires to be carefully selected, graded 
and cased so as to avoid the expense of 
further handling. This means that few 
or uo fixtures are necessary in the com- 
mercial fruit store. 
The choice and control of temperatures 
for various fruits and during different 
seasons can be decided only by experience. 
Certain it is that no one natural. tempera- 
ture will serve for all fruits or seasons, all 
depending on the water content; the 
degree of ripeness; humidity of the at. 
mosphere; its temperature without the 
chamber; and the degree and quality of 
the. light available, 
Ripe fruit demands the lowest tempera- 
ture and cleanest surrounding air, very 
little if any light and a compaiatively dry 
atmosphere. On the other hand, if green 
or undeveloped fruit is placed in a very 
low temperature it stagnates and so fails 
to develop into a marketable condition. 
Further, where fruit is decidedly watery 
the air should be fairly dry and frequently 
changed: but, if the fruit is close and 
hard and also on the green side, the house 
should be damp enough to prevent the 
escape of the natura: moisture of the fruit, 
otherwise it will waste and shrivel. 
A strong fruity and gaa-like odour is a 
certain sign that the chamber needs ven- 
tilating. The cool period of the day 1s 
the best time at which to ventilate. Very 
dry rooms need a bucket or two of water 
standing on the floor to exhale moisture ;. 
very damp rooms need frequeut ventilat- 
ing and the burnin, of sulphur 
Where a chamber fails to preserve weil 
selected fruit we may infer that therc is 
something wrong in its construction, or, 
that the method of stacking and ventilat- 
ing has not been well observed. 
a 
vraag aoonqnane™ ‘ 
T, Get Rip or Rats. — A farmer, 
writing to “ The Florida Agriculturist,”’ 
\ says that he rids his farm of rats in the 
/ following manner :—“On a number of 
| pieces of shingle I put out about a tea- 
spoonful of molasses, and on that I puta 
small quantity ef concentrated lye, and 
a 
| the cribs. The next morning I found 
| some forty dead rats, and the rest left for 
parts unknown. I have learned several 
farms have been rid of the pests in the 
same way, and never snew it to fail,’ 
We hope some of our readers will try it 
\ and report. 
— 
—== 
————— 
“Toeksmith, Ete. 
GEBHARDT (August J, Gebhardt) 
e Locksmith, Gunsmith and Machi- 
nist, Grenfell Street (Rear of No. 70, 
right opposite Bible House) Adelaide. 
Repairs to Saddlers’ Ironmongery a 
speciality, Keys fitted to any lock or 
any given sample. 
a Teneiegeeeeereesney 
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