February }, 1908 
who is working under ordinary condi- 
tions and omits their use is behind the 
times and incompetent. In the prepara- 
tion of starters the one important point 
is to have them absolutely free from un- 
desirable bacteria. Therefore, it is essen- 
tial that a special room and eqnipment 
that can be kept free from any source of 
contamination should be provided for 
this purpose, that all appliances an 
utensils used in this connection shou. 
be free from rust or broken surfaces « 
any kind, and thoroughly cleansed anv. 
sterilised with live cream.” 
The chief points to be looked for in v 
Hereford (says the ‘ Live Stock Journal’) _ 
are—first, that the color should be dis- 
tinct red, not too dark or too light; 
white face and mane, also white breast 
and belly, and white legs as far as the 
knee and hock, sometimes running up 
the flank The bull should have a good 
masculine head, not too long, broad 
between the eyes, which in turn should 
be large and prominent, with a mild look 
denoting docility of temper; the horn 
should be of moderate length, springing 
straight from the head. The cow’s head 
should be much the same, but finer, and 
her horns should have a curve, and turn 
upwards slightly ; they should be in both 
cases of a waxy white, although they are 
occasionally found tipped with black ; 
the nose should be of pure white or flesh 
color. The bull should have a good rise 
of crest, deep sloping shoulders, well- 
developed brisket, straight back and belly 
line. wide loin, good springing ribs, mode- 
rately broad hips, tail well set on and 
falling on a plump line to the hocks, 
The hindquarters should be long from 
the hip backwards; the thighs, which are 
a very important point, should be large 
and full, showing plenty of width across 
when you stand behind, and they should 
be well meated to the hocks. The test of 
touch is difficult to describe, and can 
only be learnt by practice.—* Warwick 
Examiner.’ 
—— 
Some Dont’s. 
Don’t be unkind to the milk cow, 
Don’t nse a stick or whip, but kind 
words instead. 
Don’t allow any loafers around when 
‘milking, such as dogs or gossipers, 
Don’t expect the cows to come home 
from pasture by merely calling them, but 
-drive them up slowly. 
Don't yell at the cow, and beware of 
profane language, it leaves a bad impres- 
sion. 
Don’t allow your finger-nails to grow 
long if you are a dairy milker. 
Don’t expect a cow to give as much 
milk when half fed as when properly 
-eared for. 
Don’t allow your cow to be chased by 
dogs or be hurried when going to or from 
the milking yard. 7 
THE AUSTRALIAN GARDENER. 
: 
NARCISSUS ‘MADAME DE GRAFFE.”’ 
a 
Dow’t, when milking, beat the cow for 
stepping backward when flies are numer- 
ous. 
Don’t milk until dusk durins the hot 
months so as to avoid the presence of the 
flies which so vigorously attack the cow 
just before sundown. 
Don’t permit the cow to drink impure 
water. 
Do not feed the milk cow ‘rotten’ or 
decayed hay or any other unwholesome 
fodder, 
Don’t forget to give the cow civil treat- 
ment, and ske will return the same in 
good measure. 
Reavers of this journal are notified by 
advertieement in this issue of Messrs. 
Crosby & Co.’s stocktaking sale. Their 
extensive and well assorted stock of 
general drapery they announce must be 
reduced to make room for fresh shipments 
shortly to arrive, and consequently prices 
will be cut from A to Z in order to make 
room for the new stock, Therefore we 
advise our readers to peruse Messrs. 
Crosby & Co.’s price list, and by so 
doing we feel sure they will take advan. 
tage of the opportunity offered them. 
A vanary Record. 
We have received the following com- 
munication from an esteemed subscriber 
in New South Wales, and gladly publish 
it. Perhaps some of our canary breeders 
can supply the information this gentleman 
asks for :— 
Wycombe Road, Neutral Bay, or Box 980, 
G.b.O , Sydney. January 1, ’08. 
Dear Sir—I think you sometimes rafer 
to birds in your columns. It may interest 
your readers to know that my little girl 
owns a pair of canaries that are respon- 
sible for 69 eggs in one long seaeon, over 
5) of which were duly hatched and reared 
and proved strong birds. The hen is at 
present sitting on Nos. 66, 7, 8, and 9, 
and I am hoping she may reach three 
figures. As far as I know she has already 
made a world’s record, but possibly S.A. 
can beat it. I will be glad to hear the 
opinion of your experts.—Y ours faithfully: 
JAMES CHALMERS. - 
Grevillea robusta is a useful plant for 
florists ; its graceful fern-like foliage makes 
jb adaptable for purposes for which few 
other plants, except ferns, are suitable. 
