194 SANTALACEAE 
S. album L. 
Shrub or small tree to 7 m. Bark dark and fissured. 
Juvenile leaves in whorls of 3. Petioles 9-15 mm 
long. Leaf blades discolourous, ovate to elliptic, 40- 
90 mm long, 18-44 mm wide, L/B 1.5-2.1, tertiary 
venation reticulate. Inflorescence of small terminal 
or axillary racemes, panicles or umbelliform, 
few-flowered, to 25 mm long; pedicels c. 1 mm long. 
Hypanthium c. 2 mm long. Tepals usually dark 
red or green, c. 2 mm long. Fruit ellipsoid or 
globular, 8-10 mm long. Flowering: Dec - July; 
fruiting: Apr - Sept. Fig. 63 Sandalwood 
Occurs from India to Hawaii; in Australia restricted 
to coastal localities between Melville Is. and Groote 
Eylandt. In the DR known from Darwin and Melville 
Is. Found in monsoon vine thicket on coastal sand 
dunes and laterite. This species is the basis for the 
Sandalwood trade from India through SE Asia. 
Santalum 
Fig. 63 
Santalum 
S. lanceolatum R.Br. 
Shrub or small tree to 7 m, usually glaucous. Bark 
becoming fissured, grey. Petioles 3-10 mm long. Leaf 
blades concolorous or slightly discolorous, narrowly 
elliptic or narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 31-117 
mm long, 8-27 mm wide, L/B 2-7.6; tertiary 
venation obscure. Inflorescence of axillary or 
terminal panicles or racemes, to 50 mm long; pedicels 
c. 12 mm long. Hypanthium 2.5-3 mm long. Tepals 
pale green or cream to white, 3-4 mm long. Fruit 
ellipsoid, 9-17 mm long. Flowering: throughout the 
year; fruiting: sporadically. Fig. 63 Sandalwood 
Widespread in tropical and subtropical Australia; 
common in the DR. In a wide variety of habitats. 
The fruit is edible and larger stems are occasionally 
harvested for sandalwood. The inner bark and leaves 
are used traditionally as medicine (Abor. Comm. 
NT, 1988). 
S. lanceolatum 
LORANTHACEAE 
Hemiparasitic shrubs on branches of woody plants, attached by woody haustoria, with or without 
epicortical runners. Leaves opposite, whorled or alternate, exstipulate; blade entire, usually 
penninerved. Flowers bisexual, borne singly or in pairs or 3-flowered dichasia (triads) or tetrads on 
the inflorescence axis; bract usually 1 per flower. Calyx reduced to an entire, lobed or toothed limb. 
Petals free or united, usually 4-6, valvate. Stamens as many as petals, epipetalous; anthers 2- or 4- 
locular, sometimes with transverse partitions, usually basifixed, immobile and introrse. Ovary inferior, 
with 1-4 obscure locules and lacking differentiated ovules. Style and stigma simple. Fruit usually 
baccate; seed 1, usually surrounded by a viscous layer. 
