Euphorbia 
parts only, 1.8-2.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, glabrous 
or puberulous. Glands 4, oblong, flat or concave, the 
inner rim often folded to the outer edge, 0.7-1.1 mm 
long, 0.2-0.4 mm wide. Gland appendages white, 
entire or dentate, 0.7-1.2 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide. 
Gynophore 4-6 mm long, pubescent. Capsule 2-3 mm 
long, 3-3.6 mm wide, glabrous. Styles 0.3-0.5 mm 
long, glabrous. Seeds brown or creamy brown, 
trigonous to rounded, ovoid to orbicular, 1.3-1.8 mm 
long, 1.2-1.6 mm wide, smooth. Flowering: June - 
Novy; fruiting: Apr. Fig. 72 
Apparently endemic to the Top End; in the DR, 
Kakadu and western Arnhem Land. Relatively 
common in the DR in Eucalypt savanna. Flowers in 
the late dry season, often on new growth after fire. 
E. schizolepis F.Muell. ex Boiss. 
Decumbent or erect perennial subshrub 0.6(1) m 
tall with hispid or pilose indumentum, occasionally 
glabrescent. Stipules narrow subulate or triangular, 
often divided into filiform segments, 0.5-1.5 mm long, 
margins laciniate. Petioles 1-3 mm long. Leaf blades 
elliptic to ovate, 11-20 mm long, 8-15 mm wide, 
margins entire or serrate in upper half and on the 
adaxial edge, apex acute or rarely obtuse. Cyathia 
axillary and scattered or occasionally in upper parts 
only, 2-3 mm long, 2-3 mm wide. Glands 4, oblong, 
flat or concave, 0.8-1.4 mm long, 0.4-0.6 mm wide. 
Gland appendages creamy white to faint pink, 
laciniate, 1-2.5 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, lower sur- 
face often pubescent. Gynophore pubescent. Capsule 
4-6 mm long, 4.5-6.5 mm wide. Styles 1.5-2 mm long, 
puberulous or with minute, scattered hairs. Seeds dark 
to light brown, tetragonous, ovoid to rounded, 2.7- 
3.2 mm long, 1.8-2.3 mm wide, with large, flat-topped 
tubercules, mucilage coat often obscuring features. 
Flowering and fruiting: Jan - June. Fig. 72 
Australian endemic; in the Kimberley, VRD and 
the Top End. Rare in the DR, growing in Eucalypt 
savanna. 
E. schultzii Benth. 
Erect, decumbent or prostrate annual herb to 30 
cm tall, often suffused purple. Upper leaf surfaces 
often glabrous, otherwise whole plant with puberulous 
indumentum of short, curved or straight acicular hairs 
to 0.2 mm long. Stipules narrow subulate, often 
EUPHORBIACEAE 219 
divided, 0.4-0.8 mm long. Petioles 0.5-1 mm long. 
Leaf blades elliptic, or obovate, strongly oblique, 
9-14 mm long, 4-7 mm wide, margins deeply serrate 
(often only in the upper half), apex obtuse to acute. 
Cyathia axillary, scattered or in upper parts only, 
0.9-1.3 mm long and wide. Glands 4, oblong, con- 
cave, the inner rim often folded to the outer edge, 
0.5-0.7 mm long, c. 0.3 mm wide. Gland appendages 
pink or red, denticulate, 0.3-0.5 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm 
wide. Gynophore 1-1.5 mm long. Capsule 2.3-2.8 mm 
long, 3-3.5 mm wide, tuberculate, puberulous. Styles 
c. 0.3 mm long, glabrous. Seeds brown or creamy 
brown, tetragonous, ovoid, 1.1-1.4 mm long, 0.7-0.9 
mm wide, rugose. Flowering and fruiting: Dec - June. 
Fig. 72 
Australian endemic, widespread in northern 
Australia. Common in the DR in savanna and on 
disturbed sites. 
E. vachellii Hook. & Arn. 
Chamaesyce vachellii (Hook. & Arn.) Hara; Euphorbia 
serrulata Reinw. 
Erect or decumbent annual herb or perennial to 60 
cm tall. Stems glabrous or hispid to puberulous. 
Stipules narrow subulate, often divided in filiform 
segments, 0.4-1.3 mm long, margins lacerate and 
often with short hairs. Petioles 0.5-2.5 mm long. Leaf 
blades linear, linear-oblong to elliptic, 10-65 mm long, 
1.5-16 mm wide, glabrous or hispid, margins entire 
or serrate, apex obtuse or acute. Cyathia in leafy or 
leafless clusters, lateral or terminal, 0.8-1.5 mm long, 
0.7-1.5 mm wide, glabrous. Glands 4, orbicular or 
oblong, flat or slightly concave, 0.1-0.5 mm long, 
0.1-0.6 mm wide. Gland appendages white, entire, 
0.1-1.7 mm long, 0.1-2.5 mm wide. Gynophore 
1-3 mm long, glabrous. Capsule 1.6-2.2 mm long, 
1.8-2.5 mm wide, glabrous or puberulous. Styles 
0.2-0.7 mm long, glabrous. Seeds dark brown or 
creamy brown, tetragonous, ovoid, 1.1-1.5 mm long, 
0.7-1.3.mm wide, rugose. Flowering and fruiting: 
most months. Fig. 72 
From south China through eastern Malesia to tropi- 
cal Australia where it is widespread. In the NT as far 
south as Elliott. Occurs in savanna, coastal dunes and 
drier parts of coastal floodplains. Specimens from in- 
land areas are mostly annual, those of coastal dunes 
perennial and rhizomatous. The taxon described here 
includes E. mitchelliana Boiss. The application of 
these names needs resolving. 
EXCOECARIA L. 
Small trees or shrubs with milky sap. Glabrous. Stipules minute. Leaves alternate, often on short lateral 
shoots; petioles grooved above; blades slightly succulent, with a pair of glands toward the base. Inflorescence 
