240 
tube, often thickened or nectar secreting. 
discoid: disc-shaped. 
discolorous: of differing colours, as in the surfaces 
of a leaf. 
dissepiment: a partition or septum, as in an ovary or 
fruit. 
distal: remote from the place of origin or attachment. 
distichous: of leaves arranged one above the other 
on the axis to form two rows (Fig. 80). 
divaricate: spreading or diverging widely. 
domatium: pl. domatia; a pit or hollow (often 
containing tufts of hairs) in the axils of veins on 
the undersurface of a leaf. 
dorsifixed: affixed by the dorsal surface or back. 
dorsiventral: with dissimilar dorsal and ventral 
surfaces, e.g. differing in vestiture. 
drupe: a fruit in which the pericarp consists of three 
layers: (1) the epicarp or skin; (2) the mesocarp, 
a usually fleshy but sometimes fibrous layer; and 
(3) the woody endocarp or stone surrounding each 
seed as in mango and coconut; hence drupaceous. 
ecarunculate: lacking a caruncle. 
eccentric: not centred, off-centre. 
elaiosome: an oily wart-like out-growth from the coat 
(testa) of a seed when confined to the base or 
apex; caruncle. 
eligulate: without a ligule. 
ellipsoid: of a solid body with an elliptic section or 
outline. 
elliptic: oval in outline, widest at the centre (Fig. 80). 
emarginate: notched at the apex (Fig. 80). 
endosperm: the layer of a seed containing starchy or 
oily storage tissues. 
epicortical runners: of mistletoes; stems with 
haustoria on outside of host stem. 
epigynous: arising above the level of the ovary, cf. 
hypogynous, perigynous (Fig. 79). 
epipetalous: of organs inserted upon the petals (Fig. 
79). 
equitant: of distichous leaves folded longitudinally 
and overlapping or astride at their bases. 
exarillate: without an aril. 
exserted: protruding, as are the valves of some 
Eucalyptus capsules (Fig. 48f). 
exstipulate: without stipules. 
falcate: sickle-shaped (Fig. 80). 
fascicle: a close cluster or bundle as in inflorescence 
of Flueggea virosa (Fig. 73). 
ferruginous: rust coloured, red-brown. 
filament: stalk of stamen (Fig. 79). 
filiform: thread-like (Fig. 80). 
fimbriate: fringed. 
foliaceous: leaf-like. 
follicle: a dry fruit, dehiscing along one suture and 
derived from a unicarpellate, unilocular ovary, 
as in Grevillea (Fig. 34). 
free central placentation: of ovules arranged around 
a central column (Fig. 79). 
free: not fused. 
frugivorous: fruit-eating, e.g. fruit bats, many 
pigeons. 
fulvous: tawny, yellowish-brown. 
funicle: the stalk of an ovule or seed as on seed of 
Acacia auriculiformis (Fig. 2). 
gamopetalous: of petals partly or wholly fused. 
gamophyllous: perianth members or sepals partly or 
wholly fused. 
geniculate: with an abrupt, knee-like bend. 
glabrate: becoming glabrous with age or nearly 
glabrous; glabrescent. 
glabrescent: glabrate. 
glabrous: without hairs. 
glaucous: covered with a whitish bloom, giving a 
blue-green appearance. 
globose: spherical. 
glomerate: in a dense, compact cluster or clusters. 
glume: a bract +enclosing a flower or spikelet, 
especially in Cyperaceae and Poaceae. 
gynandrous: androecium and gynoecium fused into 
a single structure. 
gynobasic: of style, arising from base instead of ovary 
apex, as in Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae. 
gynoecium: seed bearing organ or organs of the 
flower. 
gynophore: a stalk bearing the gynoecium of a flower. 
half inferior: of an ovary where the perianth arises 
from half way up (Fig. 79). 
head: a short, compact inflorescence of sessile or 
nearly sessile flowers; capitulum (Figs. 1,79). 
hemiparasitic: half parasitic. 
heterostylic: of species whose flowers have two or 
more forms with respect to their relative stamen 
and style lengths. 
hilum: the scar on a seed coat where the funicle has 
separated from the seed. 
hirsute: bearing coarse, longish hairs. 
hispid: with stiff, bristly hairs. 
hispidulous: with short stiff, bristly hairs. 
hoary: with a short dense indumentum giving a 
greyish appearance. 
hyaline: translucent, thin. 
hypanthium: a cup-like receptacle bearing sepals, 
petals, stamens and ovary (Fig. 40). 
hypogynous: arising from below the ovary. 
imbricate: overlapping. 
imparipinnate: of compound leaves having an odd 
terminal leaflet (Fig. 80). 
