23 
on the Petermann Creek. The object of this arrangement is that 
Mr. Cowle may lead a detachment of the party to Ayers Rock, 
which it is desirable to photograph and which he recently visited. 
HE. E. 
Marked a tree about four chains south of the spring C. W., this 
being our twenty-third camp. 23 
Friday, June 1st.—Camp No. 28, Illamurta; bar. 28°14in., ther. 
18°.; height 1,674ft. At dawn this morning the thermometer 
registered 14° below freezing point.. This is a variation of just 50° 
in temperature since the preceding night. The water in the bags 
and in the receptacles was frozen into a solid mass of ice. Fare- 
well having been said to Mr. T. Dare, a start was made westward 
along the south side of the James Range. ‘This remarkable and 
extensive range has an unbroken and almost due east and west 
direction, extending from the Todd river in longitude 135° E. to 
the westward, a distance of 250 miles. Our course was 238° 20’ 
for one mile to the top of a low rocky hill; thence 259° 380’ for 
three and three-quarter miles through open and splendidly-grassed 
mulga scrub, changed to 272° 20’ for one and a half miles and 
254° for eight and a quarter miles to a rugged mass of bare rocks, 
at which my horse took fright. The girths and reins both giving 
way, I received a nasty fall. ‘The expedition continued on a bear- 
ing of 274° for one and a half miles and 265° for four miles over 
sandhills and well-grassed flats to the Palmer river, a broad sandy 
stream lined with gum saplings and containing plenty of water, 
which was still running at the time of our crossing. About one 
and a half miles north a large waterhole, Ilarra, some two and a 
half miles long, occurs in the river. Saving a few miles of sand 
and porcupine near the Palmer, the whole of our journey to-day 
has been over splendidly-grassed saltbush country. Professor 
Spencer, Dr. Stirling, and Mr. Watt visited the large waterhole in 
the Palmer, just mentioned, their main object being to inspect in 
its neighborhood some caves and mural paintings of the natives. 
I walked to a hill south of the camp to obtain bearings to surround- 
ing hillsand ranges. Ilarra Rock bears 23°, and is about two miles 
distant; it is a huge outcrop of quartzite on the summit of the 
middle tier of the James Range. Our stage to-day has been 
twenty-two miles. 
Saturday, June 2nd. ECan No. 24, Palmer river; bar. 28°14in., 
ther. 17°; height 1,738ft. Crossing the Palmer river we continued 
on a hearing ot 230° for one mile. ‘Then Professors Spencer and 
Tate, with Dr. Surling, made for Tempe Downs Station, nine miles 
distant, the main party proceeding, on a bearing of 188° 45’, across 
sandhills towards what looked like a gap in the southern ridge of 
