ov 
this hill Mount Sansom, after P. Sansom, Esq., Mayor of the Sema- 
phore. The camels were taken to Ooraminna Rock Waterhole, 
one and a half miles to the westward, where our supply of water 
was replenished. I continued on a bearing of 201° 40’ over well- 
grassed flats amongst rocky sandstone ranges. At two and a half 
miles, near a rugged rocky hill, I altered the course to 187° 20’ for 
two miles and then to 174° 40’ for one and three-quarters of a 
mile to another rocky hill, thence 149°'10’ for half a mile to a 
small gum creek, and 211° along the creek for one mile to the 
Ooraminna Gate—a rocky pass through several perpendicular 
walls of rocks in the central portions of the range. We camped 
at 2 p.m. on a small creek in the midst of low rocky sandstone 
hills in order to enable Professor Tate to re-examine the geological 
structure of some portion of the country passed over to-day. Mr. 
Belt secured two new species of birds during to-day’s journey. He 
is one of the most successful collectors in the party, and numerous 
new and rare plants from the ranges,as well as new birds, obtained 
by this expedition have been secured by his efforts. 
Friday, July 20th. — Camp No. 52, Ooraminna Gate; bar. 
28°35in., ther. 25°; height 1,544ft. The camels gave more trouble 
than usual during the night, and their continual fights eventually 
compelled me to order four of the most savage and unruly of the 
bulls to be tied up. A quarter of a mile in a south-westerly direc- 
tion brought us to a narrow gap in a solid wall of rock, through 
which a small creek takes its course. Several parallel walls of 
sandstone rock of no great thickness exist on the north as well as 
on the south side of this, the Ooraminna Gate, which 1s also locally 
known as Hell’s Gate. The sandstone rocks composing the range 
have been worn by the weather into most fantastic shapes. Our 
course for the next mile was generaliy south among rough sand- 
stone hills. We then descended a steep incline and traversed a 
small valley on a bearing of 134°. At half a mile we passed through 
a gap and, leaving the Ooraminna Range, we entered sandhills 
covered with porcupine and thickly timbered with casuarina or 
desert oak. To the west, and also to the east in particular, the 
sandstone rocks of the Ooraminna Range have assumed the form 
of pinnacles and towers. A prominent and peculiar-shaped rock 
near the James Range resembling Chambers Pilar and bearing 
145° and thirteen and a half miles distant from the Ooraminna 
Range I have named Rigaud’s Tower, after Mr. R. J. Rigaud, of 
New South Wales. Continue! on a bearing of 173° over porcupine 
sandhills timbered with casuarina and an ‘occasional well-grassed 
mulga flat for thirteen and a half miles to the James Range. ‘This — 
range is here less elevated than in its western portions, but still 
