Gallus Bankiva of India. ily 
Spicous, sharp, hypophysis. In the third, fourth and fifth 
segments this last-named process is very prominent, being 
long and sharp ; in the fifth vertebra, however, it is less so 
than in the first two mentioned. Parapophyses commence 
on the third vertebra, and are in mid series long and spicu- 
liform. In the fourth vertebra the pre- and post-zygapophy- 
ses are joined on either side by a lamina of bone, which, in 
each case is perforated by a small foramen. From the fifth 
to the eleventh vertebre inclusive, we find the hamal pro- 
cesses modified in the usual manner, so as to form a canal 
for the passage of the two carotids. Laterally, the verte- 
bral canal passes on either side, from third to the thir- 
teenth vertebra inclusive. 
A very handsome lamelliform hypophysis, directed for- 
wards, occupies a median position upon the nether aspect 
of the twelfth and thirteenth vertebrae, a character also of 
the fourteenth and fifteenth segments, where, however, 
they are considerably smaller. A well-developed, knob- 
like neural spine is upon the usual site in the fourteenth 
vertebra, situated far back, between the post-zygapophyses. 
Passing next to the fifteenth vertebra of the column, we 
find that it has a strong, quadrate neural spine, and quite 
prominent and thick diapophyses. From below these latter 
are suspended the first pair of free ribs. These ribs, in my 
male specimen, are each but a centimetre long, while in the 
hen they lack but a millimetre of being two centimetres 
long. In both, the tubercula and capitula are well devel- 
oped, though in neither are there present the uncinate pro- 
cesses. As I have already stated above, this vertebra also 
has amedian hemal spine of no great size; it has more 
than this, as we see asmaller spine, one projecting from be- 
neath the centrum, upon either side of the median apophysis. 
Next follow in the spinal column of G. bankiva, four tiue 
dorsal vertebree which solidly fuse together, forming a 
single bone, which I have drawnupon lateral view in Fig. 
20 of this paper. Its neural spine consists of a continuous, 
lofty and quadrilateral osseous plate, finished off along 
upon its superior margin by a bony, raised rim. Its dia- 
pophyses are wide-spreading and thoroughly joined together 
