16 Observations Upon the Morphology of 
were first domesticated by man ; and now, in this particu- 
lar, the wild species are their peers. 
Comparing next the skulls of our male and female G. 
bankiva by measurement, and using centimetres and their 
fractions as our scale, we note some of the following di ffer- 
ences : 
Distance between certain points on the skull. Male. |Female. 
Greatest median longitudinal length....................... 6.1 5.5 
Greatest width, from tip of one sphenotic process to the other 
on the opposite side. . Roce 2.6 2.4 
Greatest height, vertex to mid- -point basi- “tempor al area. aes 2.3 2.1 
Ib eraVeyln Obs SHOE CONE WoVACWIONE, ; oo cceadeecosse Goowandsennese- 4.9 4.4 
Distance between apices of the posterior articular processes 
OMEN QING S sca taeve sere cu- Fetes “oem ore Pan suece aeons rene tem ee 27 2.2 
JRSWela LON IMC MAyOAeN mMMEVNONVUNT, oe Gee coon ane Gane soon ds sac 0.5 0.5 
Distance between the quadrates... ... ......... 1.45 1.3 
Of the Remainder of the Skeleton. —Both the cock 
and the hen of my specimens of G. bankiva possess 
fourteen vertebre in the cervical region of the spinal 
column, before we come to one that bears a pair of 
freely articulated ribs, be these latter great or small. This 
cannot agree with what Darwin found in his skeletons of 
the wild G. bankiva, but this observer noted that as he 
passed to some of the domestic varieties or species of fowls, 
that ‘‘in two Games, in two pencilled Hamburghs, and in 
a Polish, the fourteenth vertebra, bore ribs, which, though 
small, were perfectly developed with a double articula- 
tion.” * In the specimens of the Jungle Fowl before 
me, the first fourteen vertebrae of the column are quite 
alike in both sexes, except in point of size, those of the male 
being proportionately the larger. 
Choosing these latter then for a few descriptive remarks, 
weare to note that in the case of the atlas, the upper part 
of its occipital cup is roundly notched out in order to 
admit the ‘‘ odontoid process” of the axis. This latter ver- 
bra possesses a tuberous neural spine, and below, a con- 
*Animals and Plants under Domestication. Vol. 1, p. 322. 
