Gallus Bankiva of India. 9 
Viewed as a whole, the superior aspect of the skull in 
both cock and hen Gallus bankiva is smooth, and presents 
us for examination a pair of dome-like eminences posterior 
to the orbits and formed by the frontal bones, while the 
interorbital area is broad and quite flat. Longitudinally in 
the median line, from parietal region to the shallow exca- 
vation between the lacrymals there runs a faintly-marked 
groove, most evident in the male bird, which is less pro- 
nounced in front than it is postericrly. In this groove in 
the male, and beneath the site of the comb, there is to be 
found a fairly well marked elevation, of which there is not 
atrace in the hen (Fig. 3). Then again, a pair of incon- 
spicuous and elongated elevations, one occurring on either 
side of the median furrow, are to be observed immediately 
in front of the transverse fronto-parietal depression, in 
which elevations the bone of the cranial vault appears to 
be thinner, as may be seen by holding the skull up to the 
light. The parietal region of this superior aspect of the 
cranium is broad, concave from side to side, gently sloping 
down on either hand to the tympanic apertures, where the 
Squamosal completes the cranial surface. 
Between the orbital peripheries the frontal region of the 
skull in both cock and hen of these fowls is, as I 
have said, rather broad, more so in the former than 
it is in the latter sex, but this is only due to the greater 
Fig. 4. Inferior view of same skull shown in figures 2 and 3. Mandible 
removed. 
Fig. 5. Superior view of mandible from the same specimen (figs. 2 and 4). 
Fig. 6. Hyoid arches of the same specimen as in figures 2 to 5, seen from 
above. 
Fig. 7. Posterior view of the skull shown in figures 2, 3 and 4. Mandible 
removed. 
Lettering: pmax, premaxillary; n, nasal; lJ, lacrymal; f, frontal; p, pari- 
etal; so, supra-occipital ; sg, squamosal; g, quadrate; qj, quadrato-jugal ; 
pg, pterygoid; j, jugal; v, vomer; mx, maxillary; p/, palatine ; d, dentary ; 
su, surangular ; a, angular; ar, articular; p. ap, posterior angular process ; 
pf, sphenotic process; eo, exoccipital; bt, basi-temporal; 9, foramen for 
hypoglossol nerve ; 8, foramen for glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves ; oc, 
occipital condyle ; ic, foramen for internal carotid. All the figures illustrat- 
ing the present paper are life size, and all drawn by the author from the bones 
of the skeleton of the male bird sent from India by Dr. Burke, 
