1 Oor., 1897.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 303 
a cold but dry room, where it is kept pending removal to market. In the 
dairy a record is kept of the work, the quality of the milk, the quantity, and 
other particulars relating to the supply. No milk is purchased for butter- 
making, all being raised on the farm. The milking is done by women, and 
each milks twenty cows twice a day, besides working in the dairy. The 
wages range from six to ten guineas per year, and all live in a house set 
apart for the purpose, except such as are married. At the present moment, 
butter made at Wedellsborg is sold at 82 dre per Ib., or about 9d. in English 
money. The driving machinery consists of two engines, a 6 and a 20 horse 
power, and there are two Cornish boilers. This power drives machinery in 
the cow and other stables, the connection being a long wire which passes over 
a lake in the middle of the great square. Everything was clean and in 
thorough working order; one thing that struck the visitors was that the inside 
of the cheese vat was painted—rather a worse than needless process. 
A. description of how this farm is carried on will be of interest, because it 
isremunerative. ‘To a question put to Mr. Boghill, who acted as cicerone, 
“Does this farm and dairy pay ?” he replied, emphatically, “Yes, it is intended 
“e pay, and does pay, though the cost on the buildings has been so very 
heavy.” 
The total area of Count Wedell’s farm is 940 acres, 
and meadow grass land, and the remainder under all k 
and grass. The rotation is—1i, wheat ; 2, wheat or rye, 
of stable manure; 3, barley; 4, half mangold-wurzel 
&c., the whole field being manured with 13 tons of stable manure, the beets 
having 18 per cent. superphosphate and 175 Ib. of nitrate of soda per acre; 5, 
oats; 6, 7, and 8, clover or grass; 9, oats and barley mixed. The permanent 
meadows are manured with liquid manure and superphosphate. Average crops 
are 41°6 bushels per acre of wheat, rye, barley, and oats ; mangolds, 36 to 40 
tons; hay, 2 to 3 tons. Mangolds are sown on the flat ata distance of 20 
inches between the rows. The.work on the land is well and effectively done, 
and there is a wonderful absence of weeds. 
It has been already stated that there are 190 milking cows; in addition to. 
these, there are 110 cattleand bulls. The average weight of a full-grown beast 
is from 1,050 lb. to 1,100 1b. The milking eattle are fed according to. their 
respective powers of yielding, and the fodder consists of mixed oats and 
barley, oil-cakes, beans, mangolds, and hay. The calves are kept on sweet milk 
until they are three weeks old, then gradually accustomed to skim milk until 
they are four weeks old, and after that period until they are five months old 
they have skimmed milk, together with as much mangold and hay as they will 
eat. They are bred usually in the autumn, so that they pass from the milk 
food straight to the grazing time. The first summer the calves graze loose on 
the permanent grass lands, and receive in addition from 1 Ib. to 2 lb. of bran, 
cakes, or corn (called “strong food’). During the second winter they 
receive 1 lb. to 2 lb. strong food, and 20 Ib. to 80 lb. of mangold and hay daily. 
In the second summer the heifers graze on the meadows by the sea, but do not 
receive any strong food. ‘The heifers calve at two years old, in the autumn, 
and have then cost about £9 or £10 per head. 
On this farm there was an object-lesson on the tuberculin test. All the 
stock is inoculated with tuberculin, and then those which show the reaction, 
which indicates the presence of tuberculosis, are removed to another place, and 
are attended to by a separate staff. Thus the healthy and unhealthy are 
kept quite apart, and the healthy animals have to submit to the test twice a 
year. If there is the slightest ‘symptom of tuberculosis, the animal takes its 
place with the others which are in the same state. These affected cows, if 
good ones, are bred from, and the calf is taken away from its dam immediately 
after birth and brought up on sterilised milk. It is found that the calves 
seldom have the disease at birth. Mr. Boghill was asked whether he believed 
in the tuberculin test, and he pointed to the cattle, and said they showed what 
= 
120 being permanent 
inds of crops, fallows 
manured with 16 tons 
and half peas, vetches, 
