“1 Oct., 1897.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 307 
As the development of the dairy industry is principally dependent upon a 
good stock of animals being kept, it is right to mention that the State has for 
many years and in various ways tried to assist in the improvement of stock, and 
to encourage the breeding of dairy cattle and pigs. Catile shows are the most 
important means used to this end. There are local shows held in all parts of 
the country, and larger shows for certain districts; and the State gives a yearly 
grant of increasing amount. Partly with the assistance of the State, papers 
_-havye been read at the meetings of local agricultural societies and farmers’ clubs. 
Associations for the breeding of cattle have been assisted by the Government 
in the purchase of good bulls, and recently formed associations for the 
examination of the milk of individual cows can obtain a small subsidy, which is 
given to encourage the formation of more such associations in different districts. 
Within the last few years centres have been formed for the production of pigs 
for breeding purposes, and have obtained small grants from the State. A 
Government grant, originally of £2,800 (now increased to double this amount), 
is voted for the purpose of stamping out tuberculosis in cattle—a measure 
which it is hoped will prove of great benefit to the Danish dairy industry, not 
because tuberculosis is considered to be more prevalent here than in other 
countries (for I think this is far from being the case), but because the stability 
of;the dairy industry is dependent upon the healthy condition of the milch 
cows being maintained, in order that the best individuals may be retained for 
breeding for many years (for unfortunately it is frequently the best individuals 
which are the easiest attacked by various forms of tuberculosis and other 
diseases). 
Some notes relating to the export of butter may here be of interest. 
From the tables given it will be seen that by far the greater part of the 
butter is exported to England, and also how the remainder is divided between 
other countries ; also, that the export to England is chiefly from Copenhagen, 
but that many other ports take part therein. The State has assisted the 
export trade by a considerable development of the railways (special refrige- 
rator vans have been built for the conveyance of butter during the warm 
weather) ; and by keeping the waterways open in winter time, especially the 
Belts and the Sound north of Copenhagen. Powerful steamers, capable of 
breaking through the ice, have been constructed. During the years 1894-5, 
when the exports from Esbjerg rose considerably, many other ports were 
closed by ice. This new harbour at Esbjerg was begun by the State in the 
year 1871, and it has an increasing importance for the export of butter, but 
a still greater importance for the export of bacon, of which by far the largest 
part is shipped from this port to London. 
Exrorts or Burrer From DENMARK TO VARIOUS COUNTRIES, 
Year ended 30th September. 
To 
1894. 1895, 1896. 
4 Owt. Cwt. Owt. 
United Kingdom nie Ar at ar ie 1,113,863 1,132,436 1,188,671 
Germany ... 7 re ia a ot: 62) 21,229 14,090 21,001 
Sweden ... at Bs i ee % ar 1,742 3,782 2,402 
Norway ... ae tr) a hy at af, 1,817 1,116 1,118 
Holland ... 13% 7h aa va xr: iy 2,047 1,327 1,059 
Belgium ... is, un or rn af EE 467 170 460 
Spain 3 ar ~ 7 in xe ces 1,446 954 2,198 
America .., 533 43 an ag, ty) Bs) 1,821 620 143 
Copenhagen ip ee! ny wl: in ay an 2,015 4,930 
Other Countries ... by of 455 ny ry 680 734 1,377 
Total 2 b ays an a 1,145,112 1,157,244 1,228,359 
| Se ee 
