1 Ocr., 1897.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 317 
‘or summer cultivation, implements of the Planet Junior type, worked by 
one horse, and fitted with sets of tecth for surface working to kill all weeds, 
and with narrow cultivator-teeth to stir the lands deeply, are the best for small 
orchardists (Fig. 7); whereas for large orchardists two-horse implements, such 
Fic. 8. 
are to be preferred. The latter (Fig. 9} is a splendid orchard implement that 
reduces the surface soil to a very fine state, and consequently renders it a good 
mulch, as the finer the surface soil the more perfect the mulch and the less the 
surface evaporation. ‘There are two great secrets in summer cultivation, ‘The 
first is to work the land at the right time, and the second is never to allowa 
crust to form. After heavy rain the cultivators should be kept going as hard 
as possible—as soon as the land will carry the horses without packing —because 
the sooner the surface of the soil is stirred after rain, the finer will be the tilth 
obtained, and more moisture will be retained in the soil. Never neglect this. 
