170 INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS. 
are always kept together closely guarded in a chamber placed 
in the centre of the nest. Both are without wings and are 
much Jarger than the bulk of the community, the queen im- 
mensely so, owing to the enormous distension of her abdomen 
with eggs. The ordinary Termites are all sterile females, in- 
capable of laying eggs, and they are divided into two distinct 
sets or “castes,” both destitute of wings, and differing in the 
armature of the head. The one caste includes the so-called 
‘‘ workers,” who perform all the ordinary work of the colony, 
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Fig. 86.—Diptera. Crane-fly (77Aula oleracea). 
whilst the “soldiers” have greatly-developed jaws, and are 
simply occupied in defending the nest against all enemies. 
SECTION III. HOLOMETABOLA.— Metamorphosis complete ; 
the larva, pupa, and imago differing greatly from one another 
in external appearance. The larva worm-like, and the pupa 
gutescent. 
ORDER VII. APHANIPTERA.— In this order are only the Fleas 
(Pulicid@), in which the mouth is suctorial, the metamorphosis 
is complete, and the wings are rudimentary, being represented by 
