ORDERS OF MAMMALIA. 345 
much longer than the hind-limbs, and reach below the knees. 
The hands are naked to the wrist, and the face is also naked 
and much wrinkled. The Gorilla is in most respects like the 
Chimpanzee, but is much larger, attaining a height of fully five 
feet. It is a native of Lower Guinea and Equatorial Africa, and 
is enormously strong and very ferocious. It is now generally 
looked upon as the highest of the Anthropoid Apes. 
ORDER XIV. BIMANA.—In this order stands Man alone, and 
little, therefore, needs to be said on this head. Man is distin- 
guished zoologically from all other Mammals by his habitually 
erect posture and progression upon two legs. The lower limbs 
are exClusively devoted to progression and to supporting the 
weight of the body. The fore-limbs are shorter than the 
legs, and have nothing to do with progression. The thumb can 
be opposed to the other fingers, and the hands are therefore 
prehensile. The fingers and toes are furnished with nails; but 
the innermost digit of the foot (the great toe) is not capable of 
being opposed to the other toes, so that the foot is useless as a 
grasping organ. The foot is broad and plantigrade, the whole 
sole being applied to the ground in walking. 
Theteeth are thirty-two in number, and they form a nearly 
even and uninterrupted series, without any gap or interval, The 
dental formula is— 
.2—2 
L=1 2—2 —3 
Sieg oe ete OK 3m es 32, 
2—2 jot 2 3-3 
The brain is more largely developed, and more richly furnished 
with large and deep foldings or convolutions, than is the®case in 
any other Mammal. Lastly, Man is the only terrestrial Mam- 
mal in which the body is not furnished with a general covering 
of hair. 
The purely axatomical distinctions between Man and the 
other Mammals are thus seen to be not very striking, and a 
themselves they would hardly entitle Man to the position of 
more than a distinct order in the class Mammalia. When, 
however, we take into account the vast and unsurmountable 
mental differences, both intellectual and moral, between Man 
and the highest of the brutes, and when we reflect that this 
mental difference must have some physical correspondence, it 
