352 GLOSSARY. 
CALYCOPHORIDE (Gr. kalux, a cup; phero, I carry). An order of the 
Oceanic Hydrozoa, so called from their possessing bell-shaped swim- 
ming organs. 
CaLyx (Lat. a cup). Applied to the cup-shaped body of the Bell-animal- 
cule (Vorticelia) or of the Crinoidea. 
CAMPANULARIDA (Lat. campanula, a bell). A group of Sertularian 
Zoophytes. 
CANINE (Lat. canis, a dog). The eye-tooth in the jaw of Mammals; so 
called because it is particularly well developed in Dogs and other 
carnivorous animals. 
CaRAPack. A protective shield. Applied to the upper shell of Lob- 
sters, Crabs, and many other Crustaceans; and to the upper half of 
the bony case in which the Tortoises and Turtles are enclosed. 
CARNIVORA (Lat. caro, flesh ; voro, I devour). An order of the Mammalia. 
CARNIVOROUS. Living upon animal food. 
CaRPuUS (Gr. karpos, the wrist). The small bones which intervene be- 
tween the fore-arm and hand. 
CATARHINA (Gr. kata, downwards; rhines, nostrils). A group of the 
Monkeys (Quadrumana). 
CAUDAL (Lat. cauda, the tail). Connected with the tail, or hinder end 
of the body. 
CAVICORNIA (Lat. cavus, hollow; cornu, ahorn.) The “ hollow-horned ” 
Ruminants, in which the horn consists of a central bony “ horn-core ” 
surrounded by a sheath of horn. 
CENTRUM (Gr. kentron, the point round which a circle is described by a 
pair of compasses). The central portion or ‘‘ body” of a vertebra. 
CEPHALIC (Gr. kephale, head). Connected with the head. 
CEPHALOPODA (Gr. kephale, head ; podes, feet). A class of the Mollusca 
comprising the Cuttle-fishes and their allies, in which there is a series 
of arms ranged round the head. 
CEPHALO-THORAX (Gr. kephale, head ; thorax, chest). The anterior division 
of the body in many Crustacea and Arachnida, composed of the amal- 
gamated segments of the head and thorax. 
CEREBRAL. Connected with the brain, or in a restricted sense with 
the ‘*‘ cerebrum.” 
CEREBRUM. Sometimes employed in a general way to designate the 
entire brain ; but properly restricted to the ‘‘ hemispheres” of the brain, 
which are believed to be concerned mainly with the discharge of the 
mental functions. 
CERVICAL (Lat. cervix, the neck), Belonging to the neck. 
Crracna (Gr. ketos, a whale). An order of the Mammalia. 
CHATOGNATHA (Gr. chaite, a bristle; gnathos, the jaw). A class of the 
Anarthropoda. 
CHEIROPTERA (Gr. cheir, hand ; pteron, wing). An order of Mammalia. 
CHELE (Gr. chele, claw). The prehensile claws with which certain of 
the limbs are terminated in many of the Crustacea (such as Lobsters, 
Crabs, &c.) 
CHELONIA (Gr. chelone, a tortoise). An order of Reptiles. 
CHITINE (Gr. chiton, a coat). A peculiar chemical principle allied to horn, 
which is found in the outer covering of many of the Invertebrata, espe- 
cially in Arthropoda (Insects, Scorpions, Crustaceans, &c.) 
CHLOROPHYLL (Gr. chloros, green ; phylion, leaf). The green colouring 
matter of leaves. 
CHRYSALIS (Gr. chirusos, gold). The motionless pupa of Butterflies and 
Moths, so called because often exhibiting a golden lustre. 
CHYLE (Gr. chulos, juice). The milky fluid which is the result of the 
action of the various digestive fluids upon the food. 
