GLOSSARY. 359 
Maorura (Gr, makros, long ; owra, tail). A tribe of Decapod Crustaceans 
with long tails (¢.g., the Lobster, Shrimp, &c.) 
MADREPORIFORM. Perforated by small holes, like a coral (or madrepore) ; 
applied to the spongy tubercle by which the water-vascular system 
of Echinoderms mostly communicates with the exterior. 
MALACODERMATA (Gr. malakos, soft; derma, skin). Applied to a group 
of the Actinozoa, comprising the soft-skinned Sea-anemones, 
MALLOPHAGA (Gr. madilos, a fleece ; phago, T eat). An order of Insects, 
comprising the Bird-lice. 
MAMMALIA (Lat. mamma, the breast), The class of Vertebrate animals 
which suckle their young. 
MANDIBLE (Lat. mandibulum, a jaw). The upper pair of jaws in Insects ; 
one of the pairs of jaws in Crustacea and Spiders; the beak of Cephalo- 
poda ,; the lower jaw of Vertebrate animals. 
Mantire. The external integument of most of the Mollusca, which ig 
largely developed, and forms a cloak for the internal organs. Techni- 
cally called the ‘‘ pallium.” 
MaNuBRIUM (Lat. a handle), The central polypite which is suspended 
from the roof of the swimming-bell of a Medusa or medusiform gono- 
phore amongst the Hydrozoa. 
MARSIPOBRANCHIL (Gr. marsipos, a pouch ; bragchia, gills). An .order of 
Fishes comprising the Hag-fishes and Lampreys with pouch-like gills. 
MARSUPIALIA (Lat. marsupiwm, a pouch). An order: of Mammals, in 
which the females are usually furnished with an abdominal pouch in 
which the young are carried. 
Masricatory (Lat. mastico, I chew). Adapted for chewing. 
Merpus& A group of Hydrozoa, commonly known as Jelly-fishes, so 
called because of the resemblance of their tentacles to the snaky hair of 
the Medusa. 
MEDUSIFORM. Resembling a Medusa in shape. 
Mepvusorp. Likea Medusa. Used as a noun to designate the medusiform 
generative buds (gonophores) of the Hydrozoa. 
MEMBRANA NICTITANS (Lat. nicto, I wink). The third eyelid present in 
Birds, &c. 
MEROSTOMATA (Gr. méron, thigh ; stoma, mouth). An order of Crustacea. 
MESENTERIES (Gr. mesos, intermediate; enteron, intestine). The mem- 
brane by which the intestine is attached to the walls of the abdomen. 
In a restricted sense, the vertical plates which divide the somatic cavity 
of a Sea-anemone into chambers. 
MeETACARPUS (Gr. meta, after ; karpos, the wrist). The bones which form 
the ‘‘ root of the hand,” and intervene between the wrist and the 
fingers. 
Aa menosts (Gr. meta, denoting change; morphe, form). The changes: 
of form which certain animals undergo in passing from their younger to 
their fully-grown condition. : 
METATARSUS (Gr. meta, after ; tarsus, the instep). The bones which in- 
tervene between the instep (tarsus) and the digits in the hind-foot of 
the higher Vertebrates. ‘ 
Mo.LaArs (Lat. mola, a mill). The ‘‘grinders” in man; or the teeth in 
Mammals which are not preceded by milk-teeth. 
Mo.uuscoa (Lat. mollis, soft). The sub-kingdom which includes the true 
Shell-fish, the Polyzoa, the Sea-squirts, and the Lamp-shells. 
Moxtuvuscorpa (Mollusca, and Gr. eidos, form). The lower division of the 
Mollusca, comprising the Polyzoa, Sea-squirts (Funicata); and the Lamp- 
shells (Brachiopoda). a 
MoNOTHALAMOUS (Gr. monos, single; thalamos, achamber). Consisting of 
onlyasinglechamber. Appliedtotheshellsof Foraminiferaand Mollusca. 
