36 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 Jan., 1899. 
The quantity of butter which may be expected from such a cow—z.e., one 
giving 450 gallons—is 200 lb. 
If the milk test shows 3°6 of butter-fat, then 251b. of milk will produce 
1lb. of butter. Ifthe cream shows 40 per cent. of butter-fat, 2 lb. of cream 
will produce 11b. of butter. A gallon of milk weighs 10°25 (or 10%) lb. The 
price of milk and cream paid by the factories all the year round is regulated 
by the market price of butter, the standard being 3°6 per cent. of butter-fat. 
As bearing out the above statements (which will furnish answers to several 
questions put to us by a correspondent), we instance some Jersey cows at the 
Queensland Agricultural College. 
Under the management of the Principal, Mr. John Mahon, the general 
dairy herd has improved by leaps and bounds. One Jersey cow, which has 
been milking for six months, and may probably go on milking for another 
twelve months, has given an immense yield of milk. We take the month of 
October. In that month she was under our own observation, and her record 
was 713 lb. of milk, which yielded 391b. of butter, the test showing 4°8 of 
butter-fat. ; 
Another Jersey gave 28°32 1b. of butter from 749 lb. of milk, during the 
same month; the test showing 3°4 of butter-fat. 
Yet another gave 30°19 lb. of commercial butter, with 3°6 of butter-fat, 
from the same quantity of milk (749 lb.). 
With 4 per cent. of butter-fat, a fourth of the Jerseys gave 29°16 lb. of 
butter for the month. 
This month is chosen because fodder was rather scarce, the ensilage was 
finished, and the rations consisted of green maize and lucerne fodder with a 
little bran and molasses. 
The average monthly yield from twenty cows was 25 |b. of commercial 
butter. 
Now, taking the first of these cows, we find that she gives milk at the 
rate of 8,556 lb. of milk per annum (her record having been steady, and occa- 
sionally, with barley ensilage, showing a greater yield). 
A gallon of milk weighing, as we have shown, 10} lb., she yields nearly 
835 gallons a year. 
The milking record of the others may be calculated in the same way. 
As there is now a large amount of green fodder available on the 
College farm, it is pretty certain that these cows will yet improve, and break 
their record. 
Owing to want of stall accommodation, a thorough system of feeding cannot 
yet be carried out at the College, as, although feed is available, sufficient time 
cannot be allowed for each animal to be thoroughly and satisfactorily fed, as one 
batch, after being milked, has to be turned out to make room for the next. This 
will, however, shortly be remedied—plans of new and extensive cowsheds having 
been prepared. 
The actual returns from the dairy for the month of October are as follow. 
Number of cows milked 40, some of which are the old inferior stock :— 
& 8. ad. 
Butter produced, 438 lb., at 1s. per Ib. ... on PAL aS) 0) 
Milk produced, 465 gals., at 4d. per gal. me Of ile) © 
Cheese produced, from 20th October to 81st 
October, 447 lb., at 8d. per lb. = eel del SmO 
Pigs sold, two at 35s. each om ors oo Bho) 
Pigs on hand ready for market, twenty at £2 ... 40 0 O 
£88 1 0 
