1899 | The educational value of bird-study 249 
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friends among animals. Without their services the earth 
would not long be habitable; therefore we should spare no 
effort to protect them. 
Tiurd—Because we have an inborn interest in animals, 
which, properly developed, will not only afford us much 
pleasure, but will broaden our sympathies and morally ele- 
vate us. 
Fourth—Because birds, being the most abundant and con- 
spicuous of the higher animals, may be most easily stiidied 
and observed. 
Fifth—Because birds are beautiful in form and color and 
exhibit an unequaled power of flight, their acquaintance thus 
stimulating our love of beauty and of grace. 
Sixth—Because birds are unrivaled as musicians; their 
songs are the most eloquent of nature’s voices, and by asso- 
ciation may become inexpressibly dear to us. 
Seventh—Because the migrations of birds excite our won- 
der and admiration, and their periodic comings and goings 
not only connect them with the changing seasons, but so 
alter the character of the bird-life of the same locality during 
the year that their study is ever attended by fresh interest. 
Fighth—Because in their migrations, mating, nest-build- 
ing, and home-lives, birds not only display an intelligence 
that attracts us, but exhibit human traits of character that 
create within us a feeling of kinship with them, thereby in- 
creasing our interest in and love for them. : 
Ninth—Because with birds the individual lives in the 
species; the robin’s song we hear in our boyhood we may 
hear in our old age; therefore birds seem never to grow old, 
and acquaintance with them keeps alive the many pleasant 
memories of the past with which they are associated. 
Tenth—Because, in thus possessing so many and such 
varied claims to our attention, birds more than any other 
animals may serve as bonds between man and nature. 
FRANK M. -CHAPMAN 
AMERICAN Museum or Natura History, 
New York, N. Y. 
