352 BULLETIN OF THE BUSSEY INSTITUTION. 
and under the conditions above mentioned, I have been unable as 
yet to detect any mannan at all. According to this rough method 
of estimating quantities, it appears : — 
1. That an abundance of mannan is contained not only in date stones and 
the ivory nut, 
but also in the flesh of a ripe cocoa nut (Cocos nucifera) bought in 
the Boston market on May 8 ;* 
and in the trunk-wood of white pine trees (P. strobus), 2.5 and 3 
inches in diameter, felled respectively on December 14 and in 
late August, at Hingham, Mass. ; 
in the trunk-wood of a pitch pine tree (P. rigida), 2.5 inches in 
diameter, felled December 27 at the Bussey Institution ; 
in the trunk-wood of a Norway spruce (Picea excelsa), felled early 
in November at the Bussey Institution, —a piece of the trunk- 
wood 2.5 inches in diameter was taken from near the top of a 
tall tree; 
in the wood of a limb of the Japanese larch (Larix leptolepis), 0.5 
to 0.75 inches in diameter, cut off near the ground from a tall 
tree on January 23 at the Bussey Institution ; 
in the wood of a limb of the hemlock spruce (7'suga Canadensis), 
2 inches in diameter, cut off on February 1 at Hingham, Mass. ; 
in the wood of a red cedar (Juniperus Virginiana), 2.5 inches in 
diameter, felled December 27 at the Bussey Institution ; 
in the wood of a limb of the white cedar (Chamecyparis sphe- 
roidea [The Cupressus thyoides of Linnzus]), 2 inches in dia- 
meter, cut off on January 25 at Hingham, Mass. ; : 
and in the seeds of white clovert (Trifolium repens). 
Thoroughly characteristic evidence of the presence of mannose was 
seen on examining the precipitates of mannose-hydrazone obtained 
from 1 cc. of the unevaporated, neutralized product of the hydro- 
lysis of each of the foregoing materials. 
2. That strong indications of mannose—though the quantity of it is mani- 
festly less than that exhibited by the substances mentioned in the foregoing 
list — have been detected in the unevaporated product of the hydrolysis 
of the wood of a limb, 2.25 inches in diameter, of the sugar-maple 
(Acer saccharinum) cut off January 21 at Hingham, Mass. ; 
of the seeds of red clover (7rifolium pratense) ; 
and of orange peel.t 
* Compare E. Schulze, as cited in Tollen’s Handbuch der Kohlenhydrate, 
1895, 2, 228. 
f¢ Muntz and Bourquelot, and Hérissey also (Coraptes Rendus, 1900, 180. 
pp. 340, 731, 1719), have detected mannan in clover seeds of several different 
species. 
{ Flatati and Labbé (Bulletin de la Société Chimique, 1898 (3.), 19. 408, 
as cited in Chemisches Centralblatt, 1898('), 1288) have obtained mannose 
directly by macerating fresh orange peel with alcohol or with water. 
