24 S. KIKKAWA: 
less than twice the breadth as short grain, which S. Tanaka called the 
round-grain. The long-grained rice is much more easily broken than the 
short-grained in operations of hulling, whitening and polishing and rice 
mixed with broken grains cannot be boiled uniformly. It is quite natural 
that the long-grained rice, which is much valued among some people as 
table rice, is very expensive, if it be prepared free from broken grains. 
The grain of some rice is extraordinarily long, its length exceeding 
thrice the breadth. The writer calls such rice “slender-grained.” 
(3) Large, medium and small grained. 
The classification according to the size of the hulled grain too is 
very useful, firstly because the size has an important connection with the 
taste, secondly because the rice may be differently used according to its 
size. Moreover, in districts of comparatively cool climate, rice of large 
grain can never be successfully cultivated. The size of the grain is most 
accurately expressed with its volume. For the purpose of measuring the 
grain-volume, the writer recently constructed a volumenometer, with 
which the average volume of rice-grains can be quickly measured. The 
size of the rice-grain may also be expressed by its three dimensions, and 
as the thickness of the rice-grain of a certain shape does not show so 
considerable differences as its other two dimensions, the measurement of 
the length and breadth can show the relative size of the grain with toler- 
able accuracy. The expression of a relative size of rice-grain by the two 
dimensions is useful for practical purposes, because the measurement is 
easily done with a simple measure or a micrometer and it shows at the 
same time which shape the grain belongs to. 
Now, in determining the three relative sizes of the rice-grain by its 
length and breadth, the writer examined rice-grains of Burma for the 
standard, because Burma is the most extensive rice exporting country in 
the world and produces rice of almost all sizes as well as all shapes, 
and he obtained samples of paddy of a considerable number of 
varieties of the country by the favour of Mr. Mackenna, the 
Director of Agriculture of Burma, who on his request kindly 
