28 BULLETIN OF THE BUSSEY INSTITUTION. 
Spent Sumach. Fresh Logwood. Spent Logwood. 
VII. VILL. IX. 
Water, expelled at 110° . 380.84* 21.67 27.66 
Ash &.) YOes. Mee 4b a7 1.89 + 2.69 + 
Phosphoric acid | .273). 0.1231 0.0233 0.0109 
botash.. 9.40. “sree, 0/8000 0.0593 0.0230 
bs (0.1000 0.1409 
Mien cet | SORE joan jos 
} 0.1565 0.1640 
Percentage of: — 
Phosphoric acid in the ash{ 1.01 1.23 0.404 
Potash t I 2.47 3.14 0.854 
Silica and sand + 10.09 2.14 3.79 
Ferric oxide, &. ,, a 1.19 2.02 
Lime | - 23.03 48.37 56.73 § 
X. Spent chip logwood, a very much coarser material than the 
foregoing, from the same factory. 
XI. Ashes obtained in the large way at the works of the Boston 
Dye-wood and Chemical Co., by burning wet, spent chip logwood, in 
the furnace of Moses Thompson. || 
x. BG WS 
MORI S «9 Siues . u's rk labo ice tee 40.03 9%, 0.12 % 
Sand and silicain theash . . . 1.60 5.03 
Carbon . eo. oo 2.19 
Ferric oxide, &c. ,, Ly 20 OOo meee — 
Lime ye te: je ee 56.61 7 
* As here examined, the sumach was air-dried. 
Tt If the samples had been taken in the anhydrous condition, 7.e., dried at 
110°, the spent logwood would have yielded 3.72% of ash and the fresh cut 
wood 2.42%. By actual experiment, a second portion of the fresh cut wood 
dried at 100° to 105° gave 2.28% of ash. 
t Calculated from the nitric acid solution, as before. 
§ A considerable proportion of the lime in the ash was in the state of quick- 
lime (see beyond), though most of it was in the state of carbonate of lime. 
|| Described in ‘‘ American Journal of Science,” 1860, 30. 243. 
q A comparatively large proportion of the lime in these ashes existed there 
in the state of quick-lime. In an experiment, made for another purpose, where 
some of the ashes were soaked with a definite quantity of water, and the 
filtrate from the mixture was tested with a standard acid, enough caustic lime 
was found to amount to 5.4% of the ash, and since there was as much lime in 
this solution as the water could hold dissolved, it was plain that the amount of 
quick-lime in the ashes must be larger than the amount which this experiment 
had exhibited. 
I was at first inclined to attribute the presence of quick-lime in the ashes to 
the high temperature which prevails in the Thompson furnace; but, it appears 
