38 BULLETIN OF THE BUSSEY INSTITUTION. 
Zoeller found 11.46%, of ash in his tea extract, dried at 100°, and J. 
Lehmann, 16.69% in his sample. Wigner, whose results appear to refer 
to the original tea, and not directly to 100 parts of the dry extract, found 
from 3%, to 6.440%, of ash, or 4.28%, on the average, in the extracts from 
18 samples of unadulterated teas examined by him. 
As for nitrogen, Peligot found from 5.1 to 6.6% of that element, in 
four samples of tea, dried at 110°. Zeller found 5.4% in a sample of 
air-dried tea, and Hodges 4.7 and 4.4% in two samples. In spent leaves, 
upon the other hand, that had been dried at 110°, Peligot found in two 
samples, 4.3 and 4. 5% of nitrogen, while Zceller found 3. 5% 3 in his not 
completely spent leaves, dried at 100°, and Hodges 2. 1% in his second 
sample, above mentioned. In the ‘‘ extract’’ from tea leaves, dried at 
110°, Peligot found 4.4 and 4. 7% of nitrogen, while Zceller found 10.09% 
of nitrogen in his single specimen dried at 100°. Kraus (Jahresbe- 
richt der Chemie, 1872, p. 805) found 2.89 of nitrogen in a dried extract 
(incomplete) that amounted to 23.50% of the original tea, and in the 
partially spent leaves he found 3.58% of nitrogen. 
It is interesting to observe that several of these experimenters have 
insisted that many washings are necessary in order to exhaust tea leaves 
completely of their soluble matters. Thus, Brande urged, that it must 
not be supposed that, in the ordinary process of making tea, the leaves are 
completely deprived of matters soluble in boiling water. ‘‘On the con- 
trary, from tea leaves in the state in which they are usually thrown away 
there is still contained from 10 to 14% [or more] of soluble matter.” 
Mulder, who got from 50 to 520% of soluble matter from green teas, and 
42 to 479% from black teas, on extracting them thoroughly with water, 
obtained a much smaller product when the lixiviation was less thorough. 
On boiling each of twelve different teas four times, with equal volumes 
of water, it appeared that black teas yielded only from 29 to 36.7% of 
extract, and the green teas from 35.3 to 44.404. Peligot (page 147) has 
dwelt upon the subject in somewhat similar terms; and Allen found, for 
his part, that by operating upon powdered tea, a considerably larger pro- 
portion of the material can be dissolved in water than when whole leaves 
are boiled. From whole leaves he got 50% (green) and 60% (black), 
as has been said, but from pounded green tea he got only about 42%, of 
dry spent material, and from pounded black tea about 499%. Allen 
found, moreover, that when black tea leaves, that have been infused, as 
in the ordinary process of tea-making, are allowed to dry in the air, and 
then boiled repeatedly in water, the dried spent product will amount to 
from 78 to 85% of the weight of the leaves taken, in case the leaves have 
not been broken; but, on pounding the leaves before boiling, the spent 
product will amount to no more than from 72 to 75¢@. From spent 
leaves of commerce that gave a total ash of 3.530, of which 2.27 parts 
in a 100, were soluble in water, Wigner obtained 8.53% of dry extract, 
which in its turn yielded 1.539 of ash. 
