ROSE. 
barked kinds that are like them in habit, will strike, 
bud, graft, grow and bloom, any month in the year. 
The only thing necessary, is to have plants in all 
stages, and there will never be any want of flowers. 
In the greenhouse they continue growing on, and 
blooming at all times; but they cannot be kept too 
cool generally, and if abundance of flower is required 
on a plant, it must have a previous rest, and shift to 
a warm temperature, and if matted in the roots, a 
large pot, and the heat gradually increased until it 
will bear that of a moderate stove. All the new 
young growth will flower about the same time, or at 
least sufficient of it to well decorate the plant. Cut-. 
tings may be struck in the spring, planted out in 
beds, six inches apart, to grow a little; the tops be 
pinched off, and the buds taken away all the sum- 
: mer, to make them bushy; and they may be potted 
up into forty-eight sized pots, half loam, a fourth 
peat, and a fourth cow dung; trimmed a little into 
shape, and placed in the shade a while. In Septem- 
ber they may be put into their frames, covered up 
at night against frosts, and opened in mild weather, 
until the middle of November; they may then be re- 
moved, a few at atime, into an increased tempera- 
ture, and about a month apart. They will be found 
to bloom well, and succeed each other admirably, all 
through the winter and spring, before those out of 
doors can even fairly start into leaf; the only care 
required being to syringe them against the green fly, 
and if that does not keep them under, fumigate 
them,—and to see that they never suffer from want 
of water. These, however, as also summer roses, 
will force better the second year than the first, by 
shifting them into pots a size larger, trimming the 
plants into a proper shape, taking away the weak 
shoots, letting them rest, and giving but little water 
towards the end of the summer, except to keep 
them from actually flagging; putting them in their 
frames and removing them into heat as before, a few 
at a time, and a month apart. Plants of the Pro- 
vence, moss, white, Damask, Tuscany and other 
families may be brought into the forcing house at 
any time from November till March, according to 
the season when the flowers are required; and if 
they are brought in at different times, they should 
be marked with their respective dates of introduc- 
tion; and they should have a soil and root-seat as 
nearly as possible lixe those which best suit them in 
the open ground; and while growing, they should be 
watered two or three times a-week with river water 
or with liquid manure. 
Roses are propagated from seeds, cuttings, layers, 
suckers, buds, and grafts. Seeds are used only 
when new sorts are desired; and they may be sown 
either on a prepared bed, or in boxes filled with very 
light soil, and protected in winter. Cuttings are 
used chiefly for the evergreen sorts; and they should 
be taken from the young shoots of the same year, 
and have each from four to six joints, and be planted 
in a mixture of leaf-mould and very light soil, either 
in pots or under a hand-glass. Layers ean be put 
down at almost any time of the year, but do best in 
July, when the plants are in flower. Suckers need 
only to be dug up, with as much root as possible, at 
any time during the winter. Buds and grafts are 
managed in the way described in the articles Bup- 
ping and GrarTinc. The insect devastators of 
rose plants are many and very mischievous; and will 
be noticed in the article Rose-Mora. 
River’s Rose Amateur’s Guide.—River’s Rose 
Catalogue. —Glenny’s Properties of Flowers and 
Plants—Lindley’s Rosarum Monographia.—Lou- 
don’s Hortus Britannicus—Loudon’s Encyclope- 
dia of Gardening.—Hereman’s Blight on Flowers. 
— Miller’s Gardener's Dictionary. — Marshall's 
ROSEMARY. 17 
Treatise on Planting and Rural Ornament.—The 
Horticultural Magazine—The Gardener's Maga- 
zine—The Gardener's Gazette—Thomson’s Dis- 
pensatory. 
ROSE ACACIA. See Acacta TREE. 
ROSE-BAY. See Nerium. . 
ROSE CAMPION. See Lycunts. 
ROSE (Japan). See CAMELLIA. 
ROSEMARY, — botanically Rosmarinus. A 
small genus of hardy, ornamental, evergreen 
shrubs, of the labiate order. The officinal spe- 
cies, 2. officinalis, is a native of Barbary and the 
South of Europe, and was introduced to Britain 
about the middle of the 16th century. Its stem 
is erect, and very branching and shrubby, and 
about 4 feet high; its branches are densely 
clothed with foliage,—and the smaller ones are 
quadrangular and downy ; its leaves are opposite, 
almost sessile, linear, obtuse, entire, reflexed, up- 
wards of an inch long, about one-sixth of an inch 
broad, smooth, shining and dark green above, 
and veined, woolly, and silvery-tinted below ; its 
flowers are axillary and terminal, and stand on 
short footstalks, and have a campanulate, bilabi- 
ate, villous calyx, and a ringent, downy, pale 
blue corolla, variegated with white and purple, 
and bloom from February till May ; and its seeds 
are four in number and oblong in form, and lie 
in the bottom of the calyx. This plant has long 
been cultivated in kitchen gardens for medicinal 
purposes. Its tops, or leaves and flowers, have a 
grateful aromatic odour, and a warm, pungent, 
bitterish taste; and are used for strewing in 
sick-rooms, for affording an essential oil, for per- 
fuming medicinal snuffs, and for making infusions 
or remedies for hysteria, chlorosis, and nervous 
headache. The essential oil possesses fully, and the 
tincture very considerably, the same stimulating 
and aromatic properties as the tops; but these 
preparations, as also the tops themselves, are now 
far less in request than in former times,—and 
really do not seem to deserve much attention. 
Three distinct varieties of the species occur in 
gardens,—the silver-leaved, the gold-leaved, and 
the broad-leaved ; and the two last of these are 
much taller than the normal plant. Rosemary 
thrives best on a poor gravelly soil, containing 
calcareous admixtures; but it succeeds well on 
any common soil. It may be raised on a shady 
border, in spring or summer, from slips or cut- 
tings, properly watered, or from seed sown broad- 
cast, and thinned to six inches apart; and when 
the young plants get properly advanced, they 
should be transplanted as required, and either 
allowed to grow in a head, or trained in a fan 
manner. 
ROSEMARY. Three hardy, perennial-rooted 
herbs, belonging to three several genera of the 
umbelliferous order, One, Athamanta libanotis, 
is a white-flowered weed of the chalky pastures 
of England, about 2 feet high, and blooming in 
June and July ; another, Cachrys lidanotis, was 
introduced nearly 3 centuries ago from Sicily, 
