- 
—— 
ROTTBOELLIA. 
nips, 2. barley or oats, with clover and grass 
seeds, 8. clover, 4. tares, and 5. cole; one for 
sandy, peaty, or chalky soils which have just 
been pared and burned consists of 1. turnips, 
cole, or rape, 2. barley or oats, with grass seeds, 
3.4, and 5. grass, 6. oats, 7. tares or pease, 8. 
turnips, 9. barley with grass seeds, and 10. a 
number of years of grass; and another for the 
same soils as the preceding consists of 1. turnips 
or rape, 2. barley, with grass or clover seeds, 3. 
and 4. grass, 5. pease, 6. rye, 7. turnips, 8. barley, 
with grass seeds, and 9.a number of years of 
grass.—Davy’s Agricultural Chemistry.—Lrebig’s 
Chemistry of Agriculture —Chaptal’s Chemistry of 
Agriculiure.— Goodrich Smith’s Economy of Farim- 
ing.— Donaldson on Manures—Boussingault’s Ku- 
ral Economy.—Arthur Young's Works.—Thaérs 
Principes Raisonnés d Agriculture.—The LEdin- 
burgh New Philosophical Journal.—Communica- 
tions to the Board of Agriculture—Sir John Sin- 
claus General Report of Scotland —Radcliff’s Re- 
port on the Agriculture of Flanders—Buel’s Far- 
mer’s Instructor.—Low’s Elements of Agriculture. 
—ltham’s Dictionary of the Farm.—-Journal of 
the R. Agricultural Society.—Q. Journal of Agri- 
culture.—Tower’s Gardener's Manual—Lindley’s 
First Principles of Horticulture.—Stephens’ Book 
| of the Farm.—Dickson’s Husbandry.—Dr. Dick- 
sows Practical Agriculture. 
ROT IN TIMBER. See Dry-Ror. 
ROTTBOELLIA. A genus of curious, tropi- 
cal grasses, of the ophiurus tribe. Two perennial 
species, the perforated and the exalted, respec- 
tively 3 and 8 feet high, have been introduced 
to British collections from India; but they re- 
quire stove heat, and are mere curiosities. 
ROUGH CHERVIL. See Anruriscus. 
ROUGHINGS. Aftergrass. The word is pro- 
vincial, 
ROUP. The most common and most fatal of 
the diseases of poultry. It considerably re- 
sembles glanders in the horse; and has a conta-~ 
gious or infectious character; and particularly 
attacks ill-fed fowls, in close and filthy places. 
The symptoms of it are swelling around the eyes, 
discharge from the nostrils, and a limpid but 
| eventually purulent and fetid drivelling from 
the mouth. All fowls attacked with it ought to 
be promptly and perfectly separated from the 
rest of the flock; and all yards or courts or other 
places where it breaks out ought to be thoroughly 
‘cleaned, and henceforth kept in a tidy, sweet, 
and well-ventilated condition. Medicine can do 
little for it; yet many nostrums are prescribed 
by country people, and more or less possess the 
reputation of efficiency ; and probably among 
the best of these is a sufficient quantity of strong 
solution of common salt to act as an emetic, and 
a mass of garlic, rue, and butter, well beaten 
together and crammed down the throat. The 
grand remedies, however, are prevention, by 
cleanliness, ventilation, and proper feeding, for 
the sound,—and warmth and thorough shelter, 
IV. 
RUDBECKIA. 97 
combined with proper ventilation, for the sick. 
See the article Pounrry. Roup attacks not only 
the common gallinaceous fowls, but all the 
feathered inmates of the yard, even ducks and 
geese; and in the case of the last of these, it 
takes the name of gargle. 
ROWAN-TREE. See Asn (Mountarn). 
ROWELL. An artificial means of prolonged 
subcutaneous irritation in the chest, belly, thighs, 
or other members of the horse. It commonly 
consists of a circular piece of leather, having a 
hole in the centre, and either wrapped round 
with simple tow, or smeared in addition with 
turpentine or digestive ointment; and it is in- 
serted into an incision of about an inch in length 
made through the skin with a pair of strong 
short-bladed scissors, and widened by manual 
separation, to the extent of about an inch all 
round, of the integument from its subjacent at- 
tachments. It acts on the same principle asa 
blister, but so prolongedly as to produce an arti- 
ficial abscess; it is of great service in many 
kinds of deep-seated inflammation ; and as soon 
as it establishes a discharge, a daily dressing 
should be given. 
ROWEN. See Artrerarass. . 
ROWTY. Over-rank, or too luxuriant. But 
the word is provincial. 
ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF 
ENGLAND, ROYAL AGRICULTURAL IM- 
PROVEMENT SOCIETY, and ROYAL DUB- 
LIN SOCIETY. See Acricutruran Socierizs. 
ROYENA. A genus of ornamental, white- 
flowered, evergreen, Cape-of-Good-Hope shrubs, 
of the ebony family. About a dozen species, 
varying in height from 4 to 8 feet, have been in- 
troduced to the greenhouses and conservatories 
of Britain. Most love a soil of peaty loam; and 
all are propagated from cuttings. 
RUBBERS, The scabin sheep. See the arti- 
cle Scas. 
RUBBING-POST. A timber post or stone pil- 
lar, set up in a field for cattle, hogs, and other 
domestic animals to rub themselves against. It 
both is useful in itself, and serves as a decoy- 
protection of trees, gates, and fences. 
RUBBLE STONES. Loose stones or loose 
brick-bats, or any similar loose materials, piled 
on one another, for any purpose of drainage, em- 
bankment, or coarse masonry. 
RUBIA. See Mapper. 
RUBUS. See Brame. 
RUDBECKIA. A genus of hardy, herbace- 
ous, yellow-flowered, North-American plants, of 
the sunflower division of the composite order. A 
number of species which formerly belonged to 
it are now assigned to the genus Centrecarpha 
and Echinacea. Five or six perennial-rooted 
species, and one annual species, which occur in 
British collections, still belong to it; and they 
vary in height from 3 to 8 feet, and all thrive on 
any common soil, and for the most part bloom in 
autumn. Four of them, the clasping-leaved, the 
G 
= weal 
