TULIP. 
although the same variety. The flower, in all its 
stages, is striking in a bed, and, when perfectly free 
from breeder colour, is rich and handsome. It will 
do for the third or the middle row, according to the 
size of the root.—Siam is a third or fourth row by- 
blomen, of excellent properties, fine white ground, 
and purple margins, petals thick, form above the 
average; but the bottom is yellow for the first pe- 
riod of the bloom, and that condemns it all the early 
part of the season; and though it bleaches very fine, 
it must have years before the bloom is off. It has 
been grown in high character by come cultivators ; 
and, under a notion that the strain was improved, it 
was called Acapulca,—Reine de Shebais a very neat 
thick petalled byblomen, with good white pure bot- 
tom, generally well flowered and feathered outside, 
a second-row flower, rather of the smaller kind. The 
purple is rather light, the markings generally perfect, 
or nearly so. ‘The form, though not first rate, is 
above the average of the old flowers.—Violet Alex- 
ander or Violet Quarto is a middle or third row by- 
blomen, exceedingly pure at the bottom, when in 
condition, apt to sport in the colouring and to have 
breeder colour, but when fine, a most delicate and 
beautiful variety.—Ambassador d’ Holland is a no- 
ble black and white middle-row flower, which has 
pretty universally a stained bottom, with a dark 
creamy stain. It has a good bold size, and deserves 
a place even in best beds, notwithstanding the draw- 
back of its creamy bottom; and its form is good 
among the large varieties.— Washington is a bold 
deeply-coloured byblomen, with thick petal, good 
white and clean bottom; though three of the petals 
rise above the others. It has been longa favourite; 
and will goin the second and third rows.—Lawrence’s 
Friend is a very pretty byblomen, with a good deal 
of colour. At first coming into flower, it is like a 
tricolor; but it always bleaches white, or nearly so, 
and the flower, though smaller, and taller in the 
stem, is very much like a handsome Washington. 
There is the same characteristic in the separation of 
the top and bottom petals.— Desdemona is a middle- 
row, light-coloured byblomen, not always clean, or 
perfectly marked, but very showy and desirable. 
The cup is rather long; but in the middle and third 
row, forms a pleasing feature.—Salvator Rosa is a 
magnificent byblomen, with nearly all the character- 
istics of a Polyphemus bizarre; a close, well-formed, 
compact cup, and pure white, deep purple colours. 
The petal is thick, the ground pure, and the colour 
rich. Itis a second-row flower, of good average size, 
and a star in any bed that has it.—Rubens is a rich 
byblomen of the second or third row, average size, 
deep fine purple, pure white, clean bottom, nearly 
as showy as a Louis, and always good in a bed. The 
form of the cup is not so good as that of some of the 
more modern flowers, the petals being rather inclined 
to narrow at the ends; yet it isa noble and desirable 
flower, and maintains its station in all good beds.— 
Thalia is a very grand byblomen, with compact, 
well-formed, but not much expanded cup. The 
white is exceedingly pure and clear to the bottom; 
and the bloom is above the average size, and a good 
deal above average quality. The petals are remark- 
ably thick; and the height is equal to the middle 
row. It is in all respects a desirable flower; though 
apt to mark irregularly, until reconciled to the 
treatment it is undergoing.— Alcon is a large middle 
row byblomen, clean but loose, and showy but not 
neatly made. The cup is rather long than other- 
wise.—Grand Monarque is a third or fourth row by- 
blomen, very showy, but not always pure in the 
bottom. It is generally feathered strongly, and 
forms a good feature ina bed. The cup is rather 
loose, and the white good; yet the flower is not 
much valued._Lord Hawkesbury is a very fine 
looking byblomen, fit for the third row, pure white, 
TUMOUR. 503 
long cup, fine purple, and the flower altogether 
showy, and in a bed desirable. 
TULIP-TREE. See LintopEnpRon. 
TUMBREL. A manure cart. The body of it 
is 44 feet long, 32 feet broad, and 24 feet deep ; 
the wheels are 54 feet in diameter and six inches 
broad ; and the shafts are fixed, and, in unload- 
ing, are lifted into the air. ‘Two horses in line 
draw the machine,—the trace-horse by the ends 
of the shafts, and the thill-horse by short traces 
fixed at the other ends. ‘The tumbrel has a 
heavy construction and a lumbering motion, and 
serves no better purpose with two horses than a 
well-constructed common cart does with one. It 
is used principally in Norfolk and some of the 
midland counties of England. 
TUMBREL, or Tumprit. A machine used, 
principally in Lincolnshire, for supplying sheep 
with artificial food in winter. Its body is a cir- 
cular cage or crib, about 10 feet in circumfer- 
ence; and is closely wattled to the height of 
about one foot, and is left unwattled or merely 
staved immediately above the wattling to the 
height of about 18 inches, and is then wattled 
again to the height of about 8 or 10 inches, and 
is finally left quite open at the top to the breadth 
of about 18 inches for putting in roots or hay 
or other sheep-food. The staves are 10 inches 
asunder, and allow twelve sheep to feed simul- 
taneously at each tumbrel; and the wattling is 
done with willow, osier, or any kind of pliant 
brushwood. 
TUMOUR. A topical and irregular enlarge- 
ment in the root, stem, branch, bud, or leaf of a 
plant. It arises in some instances from obstruc- 
tion in the ascent of the sap, but in most from 
puncturing by insects in the deposition of their 
eggs, Some of the most common instances of it 
are clubs on the roots of brassicas, knots and 
bunches on the stem and branches of oaks and 
elms, and excrescences and galls on the buds 
and leaves of various common trees and shrubs. 
TUMOUR. Any chronic swelling or hard 
abscess on any part of an animal’s body. Some 
tumours are caused by bruises and other acci- 
dents; and some by interior disturbance of the 
system, by a corrupted state of the fluids, by 
general debility of constitution, or by various 
kinds of atmospheric influence and agency ; 
and many which originate in widely different 
ways, have a widely different character, and re- 
quire a widely different treatment. Tumours 
which are much inflamed, but do not tend to 
suppuration, should be treated with cooling ap- 
plications, such as a solution of sugar of lead or 
a lotion of Goulard’s extract in water; inflamed 
tumours which tend to suppuration should be 
accelerated toward a crisis by means of fomenta- 
tions and poultices ; hard indolent tumours, which 
are neither inflamed nor painful, but either sim- 
ply inconvenient, or precursory of some worse 
development, should be roused to activity by 
rubbings of stimulating liniment, stimulating 
