EEE 
WINNOWING MACHINE. 
and is acted on by the large wheel L. The fans 
- O are four in number, and stretch 2 feet 8 inches 
in diameter. They are each fastened on, parallel 
to a face of the square block of wood, which moves 
round with the axle of the pinion N. The coom, 
as it is termed, K, which embraces and closes in 
the fans, is 2 feet 94 inches in diameter, and 1 
foot 10 inches in breadth; and can be removed 
at pleasure, for the purpose of repairing the fans, 
by unscrewing the nuts ata and 6. The circular 
space N, O, HE, through which the supply of the 
air to the fans is furnished, is 1 foot 4 inches in 
diameter. The hopper P rests from C to s, 2 feet 
along the top of the machine, and is at the ex- 
tremity of the projection at C 6 inches, and at Q 
7 inches above it, measured perpendicularly. The 
top of the hopper spreads out in length 2 feet 6 
inches, and in breadth 2 feet 45 inches. Its bot- 
tom descends 4 inches to ¢ below the line of C s, 
and at c has a semielliptical hole cut out across 
its whole breadth. There is also a rectangular 
hole of about 4 inches high cut out of its front, 
over which the slide s passes up and down by 
means of the screw Q, which regulates the quan- 
tity of grain emitted from the hopper in the pro- 
cess of cleaning. The top of the apparatus de f 
fits under the bottom of the hopper, and forms 
its shoe, which, by operating on the grain through 
the elliptical hole made there, puts it in motion. 
This apparatus is suspended by an iron pivot at 
d, which is placed in a rail fastened across the 
breadth of the machine there; and its other end 
is supported by two chains 1 foot $ inch long 
each, hanging from the cross rail G, which con- 
nects the top of the standard AB and its fellow ; 
and which are both produced 8 inches above the 
top of the machine, in order that these chains 
may have more liberty to oscillate. The frame 
é f, 1 foot 3 inches long and 44 inches deep, is 
fastened together transversely by iron rods 1 foot 
4 inches in length rivetted at both ends. Into 
the part corresponding with the dotted line im- 
mediately above the letters e and /, are slid the 
riddles which are used for the sifting of the dif- 
ferent kinds of grain. These riddles, made of 
iron-wire, fastened to a narrow frame of thin 
iron, are 1 foot 3 inches in length, and nearly 1 
foot 4 inches in breadth. That for wheat con- 
tains 4 squares in the length of an inch; for bar- 
ley, 3 squares; for oats 2% squares; and that for 
roughs, as the roughest uncleaned grain is term- 
ed, a square of 1} inch to the side. The riddle 
is moved by a small iron rod uw y, Fig. 2, 3 feet 
8 inches in length, fastened at one end, which is 
eyed, by a nut which screws into a crank, fastened 
on the end of the fan axle opposite to that of the 
pinion N. This crank must not exceed 2 inches 
in play. The other end of the rod, which is also 
eyed, is fastened by a nut to the under arm y of 
the crank w vy, A piece of leather, placed on each 
side of the eyes of the rod, softens the noise of 
the machine very much. The other arm z is 
fastened by two intermediate joints to a jointed 
staple in the frame e¢ f, through a hole in the 
lining of the machine. These arms are 24 inch- 
es long, and set at right angles to each other, 
and also at right angles to the shank of the crank 
w v, which is 93.inches long, and which at » per- 
forms a quadrantal motion in a socket, and at w 
through the staple. The grain falls upon the in- 
clined plane 4 m, the upper part of which, / 7, 1 
foot long, is made of sheet iron, and slides up and 
down at pleasure. From 7 to m is of deal nailed 
firmly, with the exception of the part from & to 
l, which forms a screen of wire-gauze 8 squares | 
to an inch in length, stretched on a frame of wood, 
and nailed with tacks through a selvage of tin. 
This screen permits all the dry earth, sand, or 
seeds of wild plants which may have been in the 
grain to pass through. 2 0 isa board 2 feet long, 
which moves up and down at pleasure, and is 
kept in its place by a wooden catch on the cross 
bar at H. The chaff is blown over the top of this 
board at ”, and falls down beyond B. The light 
corn falls over h, and down below o, while the 
clean grain slides down h m to m. The space be- | 
tween the standard AB and its opposite fellow, is 
lined up with deal, 2 feet 3 inches, as far up as 
H, to keep the chaff and light corn separate. 
The top of the machine is covered in front of the 
hopper P, as far as to g, 1 foot Linch. The coom 
is continued as far round as from 6 to d above, 
and I to r below, the current of air passing up in 
the direction of the arrows at 4 and 7, p and ¢ 
form two handles, by which two females can lift 
the whole machine anywhere with great ease. To 
save the inside of the lining where the frame e f 
beats against it, it is necessary to place a stout 
piece of plate iron around the point of contact 
on each side; and it must be fastened with screw 
nails, as the constant beating will soon start com- 
mon nails, It is recommended not to use any 
oil, because the dust of the barn soon forms a 
paste with it, which will clog the motion of the 
machine. The gudgeons should rather be turned 
smooth on a lathe at first. The peculiarities 
which are apparent in the construction of the 
machine described above, consist in placing the 
standards at an angle to each other, the distance 
between A and C being only 3 feet 4 inches, 
whereas the distance between B and D is in- 
creased to 5 feet 2 inches, and which is pro- 
duced 4 inches more to m; by this arrangement, 
the part m, at which the clean grain issues out, 
is placed more prominently, and of course more | 
conveniently, for the person who takes away the 
grain to be riddled. This arrangement, too, ob- 
viously increases considerably the length of the 
inclined plane 2 m, and of the wire-gauze screen 
kl, over both of which the grain slides in its de- 
scent to m, and through the latter of which it 
deposits any sand, earth, or small seeds of wild 
plants which are mixed with it, and even any 
shrivelled light corn that may have escaped the 
force of the wind. It also lowers the angle of 
the inclined plane to 32° instead of 45°, by which 
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