sistence, exclusive of education, out of a produce 
of 170 acres; and a money income of £6,000 or 
£7,000, reduced more than half by salaries, af- 
fords a very considerable surplus to lay out in 
additional buildings.” 
The far-famed German agricultural college of 
Moeglin, is situated near Frankfort on the Oder. 
It was founded about thirty-two years ago by the 
King of Prussia; placed under the direction of 
M. Von Thaer ; and constituted a royal academy, 
with a staff of professors, who should have the 
same rank as the professors of a university. An 
estate of 1,200 English acres was attached to it, 
—chiefly poor land, and yielding an annual ren- 
tal of only about £300; and, in the course of not 
more than 10 or 11 years, this estate became so 
greatly improved as to be worth an annual rental 
of £1,800. M. Von Thier, the first president and 
professor, was a gentleman of much agricultural 
and scientific celebrity, and was intrusted with 
the high duty of appointing the other professors ; 
' and his son, M. Von Thider, the second president, 
has acquired a higher fame than even the father, 
is favourably known in literature as the author 
of a work entitled ‘ Rational Principles of Hus- 
_ bandry,’ and has conducted the college of Méeg- 
| lin up to a very eminent status of both character 
and influence. Pupils admitted to the institu- 
tion require to have spent five or six years in the 
practices and manipulations of husbandry, and 
are supposed to be in quest principally of scien- 
tific instruction ; they board at the same table 
with the president, and have their dormitories 
within the buildings of the college ; and they re- 
ceive from the president daily general directions 
and weekly lessons in rural economy, and from 
the professors prelectional instructions in the 
various departments of agricultural science. One 
professor lectures to them on mathematics, chem- 
istry, and geology; another, on veterinary surgery ; 
a third, on zoology, botany, and the materia 
medica; and a fourth gives them instructions 
how to apply their various scientific acquisitions 
_to the purposes of practical husbandry. Much 
aid is afforded by a laboratory for analyzing soils 
and for other chemical operations; a large botanic 
garden, for explaining the prelections in botany ; 
a museum of implements, for illustrating the 
operations of tillage; and a set of workshops for 
the fabrication, by well-qualified artificers, and 
with the assistance of the pupils, of all the articles 
of carpentry and smith-work required on the 
farm. The pupils are from 20 to 24 years of age, 
and pay such fees as only gentlemen or persons 
in decidedly easy circumstances can afford. 
The French agricultural college of Grignon, in 
the valley of Gally, near Versailles, was founded 
in 1826, and brought into organized operation in 
1829. One half of the sum of £25,000, raised in 
shares by a joint-stock company of learned and 
patriotic men, was devoted to the general ad- 
vancement of the cause of agriculture, and the 
other half to the establishment of two agricul- 
by 
83 
tural schools,—the one a college for the thorough 
education of gentlemen-farmers, and the other a 
seminary for the superior training of gardeners, 
ploughmen, shepherds, and other agricultural 
labourers. The joint-stock company purchased 
the demesne of Grignon, and placed it under the 
management of M. Bella, one of the ablest pupils 
of M. Von Théder; and Charles X. attached to it 
his adjoining demesne, gave the company the 
title of the ‘ Royal Agricultural Society,’ and in- 
corporated or formally sanctioned it by a royal 
ordinance. The lands of the institution comprise 
1,100 acres,—variously disposed in tillage, pas- 
ture, meadow, water-meadow, and woodland. 
The pupils consist of two great classes, internal 
and external: the first board and lodge within 
the college buildings, and pay each from £30 to 
£60 a-year; and the second find board and lodg- 
ing for themselves, and pay for their instruction 
from £8 to £20 a-year. Every pupil must attend 
during at least two years; and at the end of that 
period, he undergoes examination, and, if found 
duly qualified, receives a diploma as a sort of 
master of arts in agriculture. The topics of in- 
struction during the first year, are mathematics, 
geography, chemistry, natural philosophy, botany, 
vegetable physiology, book-keeping, and farm- 
management; and during the second year, the 
application of science to practical agriculture, the 
application of mathematics to mechanics and 
astronomy, the application of chemistry to an- | 
alysis, the application of natural philosophy to 
farming economics, the subordination of miner- 
alogy and geology to georgical improvement, gar- 
dening, rural architecture, and the farmer’s de- 
partment of political economy. The best agricul- | 
tural implements invented in Great Britain and 
Germany, and the newest methods of agricultural 
practice adopted or recommended in these coun- 
tries, are put to the trial at Grignon, with a 
view to their being condemned or sanctioned ac- 
cording to their merits. 
Numerous model farms exist in France, alto- 
gether distinct from the great national one at 
Grignon; and some of these are maintained by 
private enterprise, but most are supported wholly 
or principally at the expense of the territorial 
department in which they are situated. The 
earliest of them was the model farm of Roville, | 
situated in the vicinity of Nancy, and founded by 
M. Mathieu de Dombasle; but this, though con- 
fessedly a source of extensive benefit to the king- 
dom, has been mainly useful in stimulating the 
formation of other institutions, particularly the 
college of Grignon. Some of the departmental 
model farms are quite insignificant; but others 
are considerable in both extent and efficiency. 
A favourable specimen of the latter, situated near 
Rennes, was visited by the well-known Irish ag- 
riculturist and patriot, Martin Doyle, and is re- 
ported on by him as follows :—“ The farm consists 
of 72 acres of arable land held by lease of 15 years 
from a wealthy proprietor, by M. Bodin, who was 
ae Plies ee os a 
